Fighting forest fires requires tremendous cost and resources.To reduce the risk of their occurrence, developing a set of preventive measures.Some are aimed at preventing fires and others - to fight the fire and to the non-proliferation of vast territories.Properly invested mineralized band plays a role.
Appointment
mineralized strips - this artificially created fire barrier.It is created by the cleaning of the linear portion of the territory bordering the forests, away from flammable materials.Typically, this is done mechanized way: produced tractor plowing soil to a certain width.
laid bare mineral soil, and turf grass, pine needles, leaves, and other materials that can burn in the process covered with earth.When focal ignitions this plowed strip prevents the spread of ground fire to other parts of the forest.
Another purpose of the mineralized strips - the creation of the baseline from which will be counter-steering has fallen (annealing) of the forest.Walking towards the main strip of fire fire destroys everything in its path combustible materials.After meeting, the flame fades, as nothing more than burn.
In this case, the mineralized strips settling along the line of fire spreading at a distance from him.Produced by arson impending disaster.The process must be constantly monitored by firefighters to the fire is not thrown on land behind the line of demarcation.
requirements
As an independent barrier mineralized strips - it's not just the condition the organization of holiday destinations where it is permitted cultivation of an open fire.Such a barrier is a must for any work in the immediate vicinity of the forest.He
settling at logging sites in storage of fuels and lubricants in the area of work on felling and felling of trees and their storage.Areas with young plantings also be protected by such bands.Nestle barriers and along the roads, on the border with the farmland around the property and production facilities.
width of the mineralized strips can be different, and it depends on the purpose and conditions of the area.For the arrangement of a controlled annealing line, it may be 0.3-0.5 m. To prevent fire, it is recommended to equip the strip of at least 1.4 m. It is better if such a line would be even greater (2.5-4 m), because ofthis depends on the effectiveness of the protective barrier.
In terms of fire spreading in the woods decision on the width of the barrier arrangement is made on site and depends on many factors.In areas with shrub plantations is sufficient to withstand a gap of 1.5-2 m, while in the stand will require a width of 4 m. If the high threat of crown fires, the salinity of the soil at a strong wind will not be enough.
Construction
Fire mineralized bands are tillers.In most cases, this occurs with the use of mechanized tractors, bulldozers and special equipment for laying strips.For the arrangement most commonly used plows forest fire combined (PCL-70 and PLC-2.0).In one pass such tractor linkage provides an autopsy soil layer to the width of from 1.4 to 2 meters.In some cases, manual cleaning of the soil, the use of explosives, herbicides to kill vegetation in the steppe zone.
mineralized strips involves a complete clean-up of flammable materials.Therefore, except for plowing may need cutting of trees and bushes in the way of her napkin.In addition to everything new lines, 1-2 times a year to carry out care for them, their renovation and restoration, as the accumulation of layers of combustible materials (needles, leaves, twigs, grass) happens all the time.
For quality control strip is produced visual assessment of the degree of mineralization (bare soil).Also check the completeness of the soil sealing combustible forest materials to the required width.The complex of measures is estimated degree engulfing network mineralized bands throughout the territory of the forest.Industry standards, except for the width of the defensive line, defined standards for space restricted areas such barriers and the distance between adjacent strips.
Features
mineralized strips on the slopes of settling with the groove in the middle, to the rolling hills to the burning material in it could linger.Branches of dead wood from near the line of demarcation, if time permits, chopped.Use only a tractor with a cabin.Make sure it is in good technical condition.It is better if the technique will work in pairs.It should calculate the time to have time to finish the band to approach the front-fire and have time to make a counter-joke.
route is laid in accordance with the topography.Direction is selected in a straight line, avoiding sharp edges and gaps.You should use natural barriers (roads, trails, rivers and lakes).Furnished our band during the fire, observe safety and the work is performed at an acceptable distance from the line of fire.
