Value concepts of culture and civilization is a rather complicated problem.Some philosophers believe they are almost synonymous, but also large cohort of those who bred these terms and consider them antagonistic.Consider the very meaning and origin of these words."Culture" appeared in Ancient Rome and was originally designated the cultivation of the land.The etymology of the term "civilization" comes from the Latin «civis» (which means urban dwellers, citizen).Under this concept implies a certain level of development of public relations (laws, public infrastructure), life (public buildings, roads, water supply, etc.), morals and art (ethics and aesthetics).
As we can see, on the one hand the Romans included culture (in the present sense of the word) in the more general term "civilization", and on the other - opposed it as something rural and urban barbaric, education and sophistication.However, we can definitely say that the dawn of mankind both phenomena were not antonymous.After all, we are talking the same "culture of ancient civilizations", implying that an organic fusion of technological advances and mythology, art and science of a people at a certain level of progress.
Man does not adapt to the world and aims to convert it.Therefore, we can confidently say that culture and civilization are a manifestation of the progressive development of human society, that is a consequence of progress.On the one hand, people trying to understand the laws that exist in nature, and use them to obtain additional wealth for its existence.On the other hand, he tries to understand his place in the world to find the lost harmony, to understand the purpose of his life.
to the new time culture and civilization are not opposed but mutually reinforcing.The laws of nature understood as established by God (or gods) standards and thus the sphere of spiritual actively interacted with the material world.God's creation - man - to build a different nature, which also participated in the celestial harmony, although it is manifested in such seemingly mundane things like a water mill, a plow for deep plowing and bank lending.
However, with the beginning of the era of man-made concept of "culture" and "civilization" start to diverge.Mass production coming down the assembly line products dehumanizes them to move away from their creator - craftsman.The man stopped to put soul into things, and they began to weigh on him.Both these concepts became antagonistic, and, moreover, there was an ersatz "centaur" of both phenomena - fashion.
What is the essence of the conflict, which are culture and civilization?The first operates the eternal values (classic never out of date), and the second comes from the fact that electronic gadgets become outdated, they are replaced by other, more advanced.Modern science is pragmatic (mainly financed only those industries that bring tangible dividends), while the achievements of the spirit does not always pay off the costs.Art, literature, religion, based on the achievements of a bygone era, while each level is the next step of progress are often self-sufficient.
