mention archeology began in ancient Greece.For example, Plato understood by this term study of antiquity and the Renaissance meant the study of the history of Greece and Rome.In foreign science, the term is associated with anthropology.The Russian archeology - a science that studies fossil materials that are associated with human activity in ancient times.It examines the excavations and currently cooperates with many scientific fields and has several sections dealing with different eras and cultural fields.
Occupation archaeologist - is a multi-faceted and interesting work
People study culture and life of ancient civilizations, restoring the distant past the remains which gently dig in the earth formations.This work requires great care and painstaking.Since over time the remains of the past become more fragile and dilapidated.
archaeologist - is a person who is engaged in excavations in search of sources for new research.Often compared with the profession of detective work.The work of archaeologists is creative, demanding attention, imagination and abstract thought - to recreate the primordial picture of the ancient world in the past.
profession became popular back in ancient Greece and Rome.Already in those days were known Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages, there are plenty of sites and were even more ancient architectural monuments.In the Renaissance, the main goal of archaeologists was - to find antique sculptures.As a separate science, it was formed in the early 20th century.
What qualities should an archeologist
necessary knowledge accumulated by scientists of the set of facts in the chosen field for their activities.This may be the era of Neolithic and Paleolithic, Bronze, Early Iron Age, Scythian, ancient, perhaps of Slavic-Russian archeology, etc.The list is not complete, and it can be extended.Archaeologist - an interesting profession, but requires erudition and ability of scientists to compare different sources.
Such a person must have an opinion and be able to defend it, to argue relying on logic, not emotion.It can be difficult, but you must give up their hypothesis, if there are facts that refute them.The work of archaeologists requires important qualities - it is patience, diligence, punctuality.They are extremely necessary during the excavation.
Looking good stamina and physical fitness, as the work of archaeologists is most often associated with the excavations that take place in different climatic conditions.Plus the lack of allergy to organic materials.Archaeologist - a person who has to be balanced, calm, able to work in a team.
knowledge required
Professionals should be able to draw, paint, photograph.Owning the basis not only restoration, but also conservation of metal, stone, clay and organic materials (leather, bone, wood, cloth, etc.).Be sure to need a broad knowledge of anthropology, linguistics, ethnography, geodesy, topography, geology and paleozoology.Those archaeologists who study ancient history, should be familiar with the history and auxiliary disciplines (textology, numismatics, paleography, sphragistics, heraldry and more).
Archaeologists-field workers have to be economists, good organizers, educators and psychologists.But most importantly - they should be able to "see land," read its layers and layers and correctly compare results of antiquity.
Occupational diseases
People archaeologists have their disease, which get in the expeditions.Most often it is gastritis or gastric ulcer, which is directly dependent on the quality of food, as part of the normal conditions for cooking there.Also common rheumatism and sciatica, as archaeologists often have to live in tents under different weather conditions.Because of this, there are various arthrosis and arthritis.
What does an archaeologist?
What do archaeologists?Not only global excavations, but also individual mozaicheskimi fragments that need to choose the right and carefully folded into one.Often the answer to the mystery of the last to go away for many years.But the final result is worth it.Since it is thus possible to recreate a past that seems to be forever hidden in the bowels of the planet.
What do archaeologists?They study the sources, analyze them and subsequently supplemented by various already known facts.Studies include not only the site, but also part of the armchair when the work goes directly to the artifacts and documents.Scientists can work not only on land but also underwater.
most famous archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann
- a German scientist who discovered Troy.This is one of the first pioneers of archaeologists, who began studying antiquity.He was born 01.06.1822 year.On a horoscope - Capricorn.Reins excavations in Syria, Egypt, Palestine, Greece and Turkey.Almost half of his life, Henry was trying to show the historical importance of the Homeric epics.He tried to prove that all the events described in the poems - not a fantasy but a reality.
Norwegian anthropologist Thor Heyerdahl was born in 1914, October 6.He has written many books.His expeditions were always bright, full of heroic events.Many of his works have caused controversy among scholars, but it is due to the interest in the Tour of the ancient history of the peoples of the world are much increased.There
known archaeologists and Russia.This includes Boris Piotrovsky, he was born in 1908.Zodiac sign - Aquarius.It is a well-known Russian historian-orientalist and academician.He explored the many monuments of the North Caucasus, Transcaucasia and Central Asia.Already since 1949, he was appointed Deputy Director for Science of the Hermitage.
outstanding discoveries
archeologists recovered 10 of the most significant finds of the world, which were found during excavations:
- Rosetta Stone, discovered near the village of Rashid.It is a granodiorite (rock) with the inscription of Ptolemy V (king of Egypt).The inscription is made in Egyptian hieroglyphics, Greek and Demotic.
- Venus de Milo - the famous statue of ancient Greece.Late Hellenistic period.Her Greek peasant found in 1820 on the island of Milos.But the statue's hands to detect and failed.
- Angkor Wat (temple city) - is an outstanding monument of Buddhism in Cambodia.It is part of a complex of temples.He opened his French traveler Anri Muo in 1861.In the name of the city was later named an entire era.
- Troy, Ilion - an ancient town on the peninsula near the Dardanelles Strait.Troy became very famous for the poem.In excavations revealed 46 cultural layers, divided into several periods later.
- Mycenae - ancient town in southern Greece, Argolida.It is considered the largest center of the Aegean culture.During the excavations found many tombs, which were treasures - swords, rings, gold and silver objects, masks, plates and discs with coining.
- Minoan civilization was discovered by Arthur Evans - British archaeologist.In excavations were found the palace and city buildings, cemeteries.One of the most well-known finds - a stone disc with inscriptions in an unknown language scholar.
- Machu Picchu - Inca fortress city-sanctuary.American scientist found him Hiram Bingham III.These picturesque ruins - one of the best examples of stone construction posleinkskogo.Monument kept 200 different rooms and buildings, temples, residential buildings, defensive buildings.
- Tutankhamen's tomb at Luxor by British archaeologist Howard opened the boat.The tomb itself is a huge treasure, mummy buried in three coffins, which were nested one inside the other.
- birch bark - scratched and squeezed on birch bark.The first time they were found in Novgorod.And in 2012 there were more than a thousand.
- Siberian Ice Maiden - an ancient mummy, found in Scythian burial mounds in the Altai region, on the border with Mongolia.Age of it - more than 2500 years.
Unexplained
finds that they are archeologists from the ordinary?There are a number of excavated artifacts that explain logically impossible.Alarmed the scientific community figures Acambaro.First I found in Mexico, the German Waldemar Julsrud.The figures would seem to have ancient origins, but it caused a lot of skepticism among scientists.
Stones Drop - echoes of the ancient civilization.It is hundreds of stone disks found on the floor of the cave, on which were engraved the story of spaceships.They managed to create, whose remains were found in a cave.
terrible discovery
In archeology there are also some pretty terrible discovery.For example, screaming mummies.One of these was bound hand and foot, but on the face of frozen scream.There have been suggestions that she was buried alive, tortured, poisoned.But studies have shown that a poorly bandaged jaw or did not do this at all, so my mouth was opened, and Mummies.
archaeologists find huge claws and the unknown monster.And found the skull and beak huge only convinced scientists that is pleasant enough, if a monster meet anyone in his way.But later it turned out that it was the ancient ancestors of the birds Moa.And their growth exceeded the human factor of 2-3.It is said that there is a possibility that the bird has survived to the present day, and it can also try to find areas in New Zealand.The natives of this country are many legends concerning the Moa.
Tools
archaeologists on excavations mainly used this type of instrument: bayonet, shovels and Sapper shovel, different sizes picks and hoes, garden shovels, brooms, sledge hammers and different size brushes.Work archaeologist can be quite difficult, especially when you have to dig up large mounds.
important point is the correct operation of the facility.And the ability to choose the desired tool is also necessary.Head to the excavations not only monitors the health of archaeologists, but also helps to use the right brush and shovel.
How to become an archaeologist
can learn both full-time and by correspondence.Archaeologist - a profession that can get anyone who has a desire for antiquities and excavations.To do this, go to college, which trains historians.It graduates in this discipline can then engage in excavations and other directions.Archaeologist - this is the historian.However, unlike the latter, it deals not only with the study of theory, but also his own searches and explores antiquity.
Wages
Russian archaeologist salary average is approximately 15 thousand. Rubles.But only one expedition archaeologist can get up to 30 ths. Rubles.Wages in different cities may vary.For example, in Moscow, it varies from 20 to 30 thousand rubles.In the regions, it is estimated at 5-7 thousand less.
