existing in inorganic chemistry term "neutralization" means a chemical process in which the interaction of matter with the acidic and basic properties, resulting in the loss of reaction and those parties, and other distinctive chemical properties.Neutralization in microbiology is the same as the global value of its products lose their biological properties.But, of course, is an entirely different process from other participants and the outcome.And biological properties, in question and which are primarily concerned with physicians and scientists - is the ability of a microorganism to cause disease or death of susceptible animals.
So, what is it?Neutralization - is used in the laboratory diagnosis of serological test in which the antibodies of the immune serum inhibit microbial activity, as well as emissions of toxic and biologically active substances (enzymes).
Applications
Most often, this method of research used to identify the virus, ie, diagnosis of viral infectious diseases.Moreover, the test can be aimed at the identification of the pathogen, and antibodies thereto.
in bacteriology this technique is usually used for the detection of antibodies to bacterial enzymes such as antistreptolysin, antistafiloliziny, antistreptokinazy.
How the test is performed
neutralization based on the ability of antibodies - immune proteins specific blood - to neutralize the antigens - foreign agents that enter the body.If necessary pathogen detection and identification, then mixed standard immune serum containing antibodies with biological material.The resulting mixture was incubated right time and introduced into a living system receptive.These are laboratory animals (rats, mice), chick embryo cell culture.In the absence of the biological action (illnesses or death of the animal) may conclude that this is the virus, to which the standard serum was used.Since, as has been said, a sign that the reaction took place, is the loss of virus biosvoystv (ability to cause the death of the animal) as a result of the interaction of serum antibodies and antigens.In determining toxic substances algorithm of actions is the same, but there are options.When investigating a substrate comprising the toxin, then it is mixed with the standard serum.In the case of the latter study used a control toxic substance.Went to the neutralization reaction, the mixture is incubated and the time and entered a receptive system.Technology assessment result is the same.
In medical and veterinary practice, is used as a diagnostic test virus neutralization reaction is carried out in the so-called technique of paired sera.
This method of confirming the diagnosis of a viral disease.To perform this test in a human patient or animal blood serum is taken twice - at the beginning of the disease and in 14-21 days thereafter.
If after the test revealed an increase in the number of antibodies to the virus in 4 or more times, the diagnosis can be considered validated.
