Grammar Russian language states that the independent part of speech, which refers to the amount, number or order, called the name of the numeral.Numerals can have different values, structure and grammar.This part of the speech are all words that answers the question "who?" And "How much?".
Speaking of morphological characters numerals, it should be noted that there is a permanent and changeable signs.Refer to the changing case, gender and number.All numerals leaning on cases, some may lean more on the numbers and leave.
The proposal numeral can perform different functions.As a rule, a cardinal number is one with the noun of the sentence.For example: Four people were looking out the window .In most cases, cardinal numbers are on the list of those parts of the sentence, which may be a noun.As for the ordinal numbers, they can serve as a definition or part of a compound nominal predicate.For example: girl was seventh.
On value numerals all the names are divided into cardinal and ordinal.Quantitative indicate the number (of objects) or number (abstract concept).Cardinal numbers are integers (eight hundred and ten), fractional (one-fifth, two-thirds), a collective (two, three).Ordinal numbers are dealing with the order of the score (the second, one hundred and tenth).
The structure of the numeral is simple and compound.Simple numerals are written in one word (two, eighteen, four hundred and eighty).Components, in turn, are made up of several words (twenty two two hundred two eighty-eighth).If we draw parallels between meaning and structure, we note that the entire quantity and ordinal numbers may be a composite and simple, while the fractional quantity - only components, and collecting quantitative - just simple.
Cardinal numbers have a number of features in the compatibility with the nouns to which they refer.In the nominative and accusative cases they require themselves after a noun in the genitive case.For example: nine books, mimosas eighteen, thirty people.At the same numerals such as a half, three, two, and four require a noun in the singular, and the rest - in the plural.For example: two fingers - five fingers;Three mimosa - twenty mimosas;four boys - eighty boys.This kind of compatibility in the Russian language is called controlled (ie managed by the numeral deaths).
Other forms form of communication - coordination, where numeral agrees with the noun in the nominative.For example, the ten windows, three mimosas (RP), the ten windows, three mimosa (AM), the ten windows, three mimosas (etc.), (v) ten windows, three mimosa.
collective numerals combined with nouns as whole cardinal numbers.With all a collective nouns used in the plural.And only "two" requires singular.For example: "Seven Little Kids", but "the two brothers".Ordinal numbers are consistent with nouns as adjectives.For example: the first night, the ninth week, the tenth day.
numeral in English can also be ordinal or quantitative, but in English grammar is not "problems" with the decline, which take place in the Russian language.
