Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a colorless, nonflammable liquid capable of refracting light strongly.The substance has a sweet smell.Carbon tetrachloride has also narcotic.In normal conditions, the temperature of the element exhibits chemical inertness.The substance does not react with either acids (with concentrated sulfuric acid, among others), or with bases.At the same time, the connection is quite noticeable interacts with certain metals.The presence of iron or aluminum, for example, carbon tetrachloride is decomposed gradually in water c according to the equation: CCl4 + 2H2O = CO2 + 4NS1.In other cases the conversion is a normal temperature is not to any substantial extent.
carbon tetrachloride.Properties
Specific gravity 1.593 substances, the boiling point of 76.6 degrees.Solidification agent at minus 22.87 degrees.At 44.66 minus the carbon tetrachloride has a transition point, the use of which is recommended for the calibration of thermometers.
compound is dissolved in the water is very low.At twenty degrees per hundred grams of water dissolves 0.08 grams of the substance.The dielectric constant of carbon tetrachloride is low enough (at eighteen degrees - 2.3).This substance is highly light refracting ability.The refractive index for yellow light n = 1.463.
To properties of carbon tetrachloride include its ability to dissolve organic substances.In all respects, the substance is mixed with alcohol and other liquid organic nature.In this connection, a compound widely used in vitro, for technical purposes as solvent resins, fats, oils and other substances.Furthermore, carbon tetrachloride used when extinguishing fires.The substance is used in medicine as anthelmintic and anesthetic.
provide the compound using the chlorination of carbon disulfide in the presence of manganese chloride (II) or other vectors of halogen.The result is a chlorous sulfur that is optimal in the presence of catalysts (FeS, for example) and under the influence of moderate heat (up to about sixty degrees) and is reacted with carbon disulfide (CS2).It is possible to conduct the process so that the reaction will proceed in parallel.Sulfur is left out in the process, will return as a starting component for CS2.Purification of carbon tetrachloride is carried out using potassium hydroxide wash immediately followed by fractional distillation is performed.
One of the main challenges facing professionals, is to choose the most efficient method of processing carbon tetrachloride.The urgency of the problem is related mainly to the fact that, under the Montreal Protocol, this substance is banned because of its damaging effects on the ozone layer.The combustion
compound using air as the oxidant required for the fuel supply simultaneously binding hydrogen chloride.Fuel need for heat supply.In the presence of hydrogen chloride in a small amount, it can be converted into sodium chloride.This is possible by injecting sodium hydroxide solution in the combustion gases.In other cases, carry out the selection of hydrogen chloride gas as hydrochloric acid.
Some authors prefer to catalytic oxidation.In comparison with the combustion of carbon tetrachloride, a catalytic oxidation process is characterized by a high degree of waste destruction organochlorine nature and is not accompanied by the formation of dioxins.
