Since ancient times, man has developed ideas about beauty.All beautiful creations of nature.In its own way lovely people, lovely animals and plants.It pleases the eye catcher gemstone or crystal salt is hard not to admire a snowflake or a butterfly.But why is this happening?It seems to us correct and complete view of objects, the right and left half of which look the same as in a mirror image.
probably the first thought of the essence of beauty artists.Ancient sculptors studied the structure of the human body, in the V century BCWe began to use the concept of "symmetry".This word is of Greek origin and means harmony, proportion and arrangement of the component parts of the similarity.Ancient Greek philosopher Plato argued that a fine can only be that symmetrical and proportionate.
in geometry and mathematics are considered three types of symmetry axial symmetry (with respect to a straight line), central (relative terms) and SLR (relative to the plane).
If each of the points of the object has within it its exact mapping of its center - there is a central symmetry.Its examples are geometric body as a cylinder, sphere, prism, right etc.
axial symmetry with respect to the points expressly provides that it intersects the middle of the segment connecting the point and perpendicular to it.Examples of the axis of symmetry: undeployed bisector of the angle of an isosceles triangle, any straight line drawn through the center of the circle, etc.If geometrical figure characteristic of axial symmetry, the determination of specular points can be visualized by simply flexing her axis and folded equal halves "face to face".The desired point with the touch.
With mirror symmetry point of the object is located relative to the same plane, which passes through its center.
Nature is wise and rational, so almost all of her creations have a harmonious structure.This applies to living beings and inanimate objects.For the structure of the majority of life forms has one of the three types of symmetry: bilateral, radial or spherical.
More often axial symmetry in nature can be observed in plants that develop perpendicular to the surface of the soil.In this case the symmetry results from the identical elements rotate around a common axis at the center.The angle and frequency of their arrangement can be different.Examples are trees: spruce, maple and others.Some animals axial symmetry can also be found, but it happens rarely.Of course, nature is rarely characterized by mathematical precision, but the similarity of the elements of the body is still striking.
biologists increasingly seen not axial symmetry, and bilateral (bilateral).Her example is the wings of a butterfly or dragonfly, plant leaves, flower petals, etc.In each case, the right and left of the living object are equal and are mirroring each other.
Spherical symmetry characteristic of the fruit of many plants, for some fish, mollusks and viruses.A radial symmetry are examples of starfish, some types of worms, echinoderms.
asymmetry in the human eye is most commonly associated with improperly or handicap.Therefore, most of the works of human hands traced the symmetry and harmony.
