As you know, in a classic English, there are sixteen times, which are used depending on the particular situation.With its American variant is easier, everything is not in use, in the best case half.But now we will focus on the rules of the time, which includes the Present Indefinite, Present Continuous and Present Perfect, namely - Present Indefinite Tense.
Application description
In general, if we talk about the use of the present description of the type, ie Present Indefinite Tense need to understand that it describes the situation and the actions that have an immutable character.
other words time Present Indefinite may be used in relation to the description of the actions that occur, for example, daily, monthly, yearly, etc., that is, some regular events.
often happens eating Present Indefinite Tense
Talking about the use of this time, we can give some basic examples.For example, no one doubts that I go to school.This fact is permanent and does not require confirmation.It's like a self-evident concept.In the example it looks like this: I go to school.
no less important aspect of the application time Present Indefinite is a description of some of the truth, which does not require confirmation.For example, it may be the concept of "I - a woman» (I am a woman).Clearly, this is something permanent and unchanging.
third aspect, when used during Present Indefinite, can be called the situation and events that describe something belonging to someone else.For example, I have a dog (I have a dog).In this case, besides the descriptive process affects just what a dog is, in general, and do not get it.
Next, when using this definitive time Present Indefinite have to deal with the rules for constructing sentences and basic conjugation of verbs.It is not so simple, because there are certain rules to change the endings, depending on the person and number.
conjugation of the verb to be
verb to be, as a major in the proposal is different conjugations in Present Indefinite.As well as for other verbs, there is a change endings depending on the number and face.If you give the basic rules, it looks as shown in the table below.
way that affirmative sentences that in response to the interrogative sentences, the verb does not change.In the case of denial of something, or the same answer to the question is added not.
For example, the question "Are you an actor?» (Are you an actor?) Negative answer looks like No, I am not an actor (No, I'm not the reduction).
conjugation of the verb to do
with the verb to do, the situation is somewhat simpler.End of change only in the case of the use of it in the third person singular (does).What is most interesting, he only used the verb in interrogative sentences, and the responses to them.
For example, the question "Do you have a dog?" In the English version with the construction of interrogative sentences in the Present Indefinite looks like «Do you have a dog?» On it can be answered «Yes, I do».In this case, affected the situation with another verb, requires explanation.In just the same version of the question will appear as "You walk every day?» (Do you walk every day?), And the answer is - "Yes" or "No" depending on the situation (Yes, I do or No, I door not in reducing No, I do not).
conjugation of the verb to have
Now a few words about the use in the Present Indefinite verb to have.It causes a lot of controversy and still.Terms classic English and American modified differ among themselves.This applies to most of the interrogative sentences and the responses to them.
For example, the question "Do you have a dog?" In the American version looks like «Do you have a dog?», Although the rules of the English language issue should be constructed as «Have you a dog?»
As can be seenin this example, the second version of the question can only be one answer: Yes, I have.For the first option may be two answers: either Yes, I do (the correct answer from the perspective of the construction of the question, because the verb to do a major), or again, Yes, I have.
If we talk about the use of verbs in relation to a third person singular, it changes only the main verb.The phrase "It is a dog?" In two variations can be built as a «Does she have a dog?» (The end of the main verb is changed to «-es») or «Has she a dog?».As you can see, the change takes place only in the end of the main verb.
Incidentally, the Americans in this regard is not particularly worried.They generally tend to rebuild the proposal in a way that is contrary to the classical rules.Returning to the dog, the American could easily say: Oh, you have a dog?("Oh, you have a dog?").Basically, treat such a question can be like in the affirmative, interrogative sentence, although the Present Indefinite verbs do not change.
rules change endings in the basic verbs, indicating the action
So far we have considered three main verb.In principle, the same rules apply to other verbs that define the main action (adding endings «-s» or «-es», as well as changes «-y» on «-ies»).Consider how to use them.
To properly understand how the end of the verbs in the same Present Indefinite Passive, look at the basic rules.If the verb ends in «o», «s», «x», «ch» and «sh», involving a change of ending «-es».In other cases, the end use «-s».Pronunciation is also subject to change, and construction of interrogative and affirmative sentences in the third person singular implies the use of the main verb with the changed ending (Who helps you? - «Who helps you?», She helps her brother - «It helps his brother").
For example, if the end comes after voiceless consonant, it is pronounced "es» ([s], lets, drops).If it is used after a voiced consonant or vowel pronunciation is as' s »([z], plays).In the case of transcription sounds [ks, ʃ, s, z, dʒ, ʒ, tʃ], the ending is already pronounced as "VMS» ([iz], looses).Change
end «-y» takes place on the condition that he is faced with a consonant.For example, Study - Studies.However, with the vowels used «-s»: Pay - Pays, Stay - Stays.
Commonly used words and concepts related
As is clear, the use of time describes the Present Indefinite permanent events.No wonder that in the proposals are often found accompanying words, emphasizing the situation itself.Typically, this type of word usually (usually), always (always), constantly (permanently), ever and ever (always), often (often), etc.
Conclusion As can be seen from all the above, nothing complicated in the use of time or verb associated with it is not.The main thing in this case - a clear understanding of the situation, which will be described with the help of a definitive time.Well, as far as learning English for the rules change or verb conjugation endings can quickly get used to.
