In this article we give a general description of the Moscow province.You will learn the word "province" as well as the way in which its population was at 1895 and the main areas of activity of the Zemstvo.In addition, the article you will gather interesting information about the creator of topographic maps characterized by province.
What province?
word "province" is translated from the neo-Latin gubernium (gubernare) means "to control".The province - is the administrative and territorial unit in Russia, which, in turn, is divided into counties.Such formations have begun to exist since 1708 year.Led by their governors.By 1917 there were about 78 provinces.Some of them assemble in the General Government.In the period from 1923 to 1929 instead of the provinces are organized territories and regions.
General description of the Moscow province
space Moscow province covers 29,263 square meters.miles.Moscow Province - a place where he found a number of minerals.Note the following:
- limestone and dolomite;
- sandstones and sands;
- boulder;
- refractory white clay;
- phosphorite and peat.
in the Moscow province were a large number of mineral springs.However, they are not exploited, as it is considered unreliable.Enough has been a rich flora and fauna of the Moscow province.In the southern part, along the Oka River, observed plant communities on the black earth, which is not found in other areas.This is due to the nature of the soil.Forests cover 40% of the surface.Of the large animals were the bear and moose;of the smaller - foxes, wolves, badgers;from small inhabitants - rabbits, ferrets, moles and squirrels.
Population Moscow province
Moscow Province - the place, the settlement of which is done by man in the Stone Age.The proof is in numerous finds in the soil of various stone tools.Historical data indicate dwelling here earlier Finnish nationality, subsequently mixed with Kriviches and Slavs.
In Moscow district dominated blondes.The language spoken by the entire province - is a Great.In addition to the Moscow dialect, noted similarities with the Ryazan and Vladimir.Moscow Province - a place whose population to January 1, 1895 was 2506000. Of these, 980,000 lived in Moscow, 153,000 - in other cities, and 1,374,000 - in the counties.
main field of activity of the Moscow Province Zemstvo:
- economic activities.
- People's food.
- Veterinary Medicine.
- Insurance business.
- Road business.
- of public health.
- Folk School.
- Zemsky revenues.
- Statistics.
Who is the creator of a topographic map of the Moscow province?
topographic maps Moscow province created a Russian surveyor and cartographer Fyodor Schubert.He was the founder of the Army Corps of surveyors and held the position of director.Rightfully earned a place Schubert.Moscow Province in 1860 was mapped, engraved in the Military Topographical Depot.Triangulation Moscow province was made due to his extensive work in this area.Schubert led the project from 1833 to 1839 years.In the past two years under his guidance were instrumental topographic surveys.Their scale was 200 yards per inch.Fyodor was very picky about the artists fieldwork.As a result of painstaking work by Schubert and his coworkers in 1848 there was a topographical map of the six sheets with Moscow neighborhoods.The scale of it was one mile to the inch.In a period of shooting have been suspended.Resumed work in the period from 1852 to 1853 years.The leaders of the shooting, the scale of which was 500 yards to the inch, was promoted to major general and Rennenkampf Vietinghoff.
used for mapping survey of the three managers (Schubert, Rennenkampf and Vietinghoff).Original topographic map Moscow province presented a print from an engraving on copper (40 pages).It is worth noting that the boundaries were marked with red paint watercolor by hand.
Thus, the history of the Moscow province very interesting and informative.And said information about the features of nature, the population, the main fields of activity zemstvos give a general idea about the administrative-territorial unit.
