teacher with higher medical education Maria Montessori method of education which has received universal popularity, was an outstanding personality of his time.Her bold approach to pedagogical theory and practice is still a matter of controversy.
Technique Maria Montessori - the intrinsic value of the child and prepared development environment
investigate the behavior of children, Maria Montessori came to the conclusion that the laws of development of the human body, the stages of its ripening physiological systems in conjunction with the higher nervous activity of a purely individual.The teacher has no right to intervene actively in the process of identity formation.Any promotion or punishment violates the natural course of development.Traditional training with a view to the imposition of the child general rules without regard to individual abilities, prevents disclosure of personal potential.The task of the teacher - education.The basic meaning inherent in the root - feeding.From this postulate it should be the natural conclusion that the true task of the teacher - the creation of the culture medium, which will fuel the feelings and emotions that fuel the creative powers and thus provide food for the development of intelligence.If this principle is complied with, each child will be able to become a full-fledged, highly developed, harmonious personality.Without a prepared environment Motessori technique can not function.Environment only stimulates development, when it allows the child to make feasible a separate action for its transformation.
Montessori - the concept of a sensitive period of development
first and most important stage of development of the individual, according to Motessori - from birth to the age of 6 years.At this time, the child absorbs sensations experience, emotional signals coming from the environment, and they become part of his identity.
One of the basic aspects of the Montessori method is the concept of a sensitive period of development.Sensitivity - the period of greatest sensitivity to the effects of the environment where the child is capable of full concentration, the most favorable period for the maturation of certain mental functions and acquire practical skills.The intellectual development of the child occurs through the senses: a natural interest in the study of the environment, fueled by tactile sensations, which are transformed into knowledge.
If a child does not get the opportunity to develop certain skills through feelings and sensations in the corresponding period in the future of their formation can be significantly difficult or even impossible.So, for the development of speech it is a sensitive period from birth to six years.A child deprived of full human contact during this period, can never learn to speak.Conversely, a child who from birth, constantly hears emotional human speech, learn to speak without difficulty.
Montessori involves the active use of special didactic material aimed at the development of sensory perception.A motive for learning is a natural inner need children imitate the actions of their elders.The role of the teacher is reduced to the recognition of periods of sensitivity and assistance in the organization of independent activity of the child by creating suitable conditions.
Teaching with passion
Maria Montessori believed deeply in what is a natural need to learn lies in every human being originally.A child who is trained in the natural own pace experiencing the joy of learning and acquiring self-confidence, which helps him to achieve more.Montessori Methods used in kindergarten gives a visual confirmation that the children through imitation quite capable on their own to learn to wash, dress, put in place the objects and perform other socially significant and practically useful actions.In addition, during the game with didactic material, children learn the properties of objects, the value of letters and numbers, learn the solution of logical problems.
Montessori preschool child development has obvious advantages.The use of this technique in mass schooling is objectionable from the point of view of the impossibility of organizing a purely individual approach to each child's education.With arc hand - this is an ideal to be pursued.
