zone of mixed forests of Russia stretches in the form of a triangle.Its foundation lies near the western borders of Russia, and rests on the top of the Ural Mountains.In this area of the country are good conditions for plants and animals.The average January temperature of these places range from -14 to -6 ° C and the mean July - from +16 to +21 ° C.Moisture enough.Therefore, plants are perfect conditions for growth.
trees mixed forests
main tree species that make up these forests - a birch, spruce, Scots pine, basswood, elm, hornbeam, ash, aspen, elm.
Oaks in mixed forests mainly grow apart.Other trees is difficult to withstand such competition.After all, this hero has a strong trunk and its branches, he spreads a few meters around.Under the shade of oak and shrubs feel uncomfortable, so usually these trees grow in the forest, as it were on separate islands.Only shade-tolerant by a representative of the flora and fungi can find shelter under the mighty handsome.
Plants mixed forests of Russia - is not only spreading oak, birch and slender.They are more compact, so close to them can grow and shrubs such as euonymus, elder, buckthorn, hazel, raspberry.Kalina loves moisture, so thrives in the lowlands.Birch also can grow in such conditions.In this case, around them finds refuge sphagnum moss.And in the summer it is often possible to meet the mushrooms podberёzoviki.That will be covered later, but it is about the plant mixed forests.
assistants and enemies of trees
Birches grow in droves, creating a grove.Often close to them find refuge aspen.They also do not take up much space, so these two kinds of flora can live together side by side.Pine, spruce, as well as oaks, formed by a fairly dense shade.Therefore, under these trees is difficult plants to develop normally.But the needles falling to the ground, eventually processed by micro-organisms living in the ground - and the fertile soil is formed.Trees thus feed themselves themselves.The same applies to the leaves, which will eventually form a layer of humus.He gives food trees, attracts earthworms that recycle residues and make the soil more friable.In addition to the assistants, they also have pests.So, beetles bark beetles per summer can only kill hundreds of trees.But nature has created a clever woodpeckers that pests take out of the deep layers of the cortex and deftly managing them.
Birds mixed forests
addition to the black woodpecker, the trees, there are many other helpers.For example, the great tit.It eliminates a lot of forest pests.Thanks to the woody plants of mixed forests rid of weevils, dvuhkrylok, aphids and so on. D. It destroys the pests, which are mainly located in the lower part of the tree.
called Little titmouse tit weighs just 9 grams.But she, too, deftly deals with pests.Nuthatch - another bird that lives in these areas.She often wanders from place to place, passing treats trees in mixed forests.Klestil-elovnik also took a fancy to a place here.Plants of mixed forests for him - his home.As for the black grouse, Yellow-wren, owls, finches, woodcock.
When the birds sing, the forest is filled with enchanting sounds.It is not possible without hearing a song of the nightingale, who also lives in these places.In May and June, you can hear the voice of cuckoos.Eagle-eagle - one of the largest birds of prey of mixed forests.The weight of the body can be up to 4 kilograms.Peregrine Falcon - also a bird of prey, found in mixed forests.This rare species of birds is under state protection.
Mixed forest: plants and animals
Apart from the many birds, forests provide shelter and various kinds of animals.It is home to hedgehogs, European ferrets.
In swampy areas, lakes and ponds inhabited beaver, muskrat.They feed on fish and aquatic plants that grow in ponds of mixed forests.Beaver happy lacquer and wood.Muskrat builds tunnel burrows under the ground or as beaver huts.The female gives birth to 1-3 cubs muskrat and beaver - 3-4 baby.
Dangerous animals Forest
They live in these places, and predators such as lynx.This mammal belongs to the cat family.Basically, it is hunting the hare, but it can attack the deer, fish to feed birds and rodents.
Poor hare predators are threatened from all sides.Red fox, too, is not averse to attack unwary animal.Living foxes between rocks or in burrows.Part of their menu make frogs and birds' eggs.At a time the female may produce birth to 12 cubs.
There are mixed forests, even snakes.Apart from harmless snakes, and here usual venomous viper.What plants in mixed forests prefers it to his hiding place?This is mainly the high grass and sedge around wetlands.Therefore, a person in a forest, where there are vipers, you need to walk in high boots and better roam the beaten track, but not in high grass.Viper likes to bask in the sun in open areas and hiding in the roots of trees.Therefore near such places need to be careful.
Meeting with boars is also highly undesirable.Even if you met in the woods a little porosёnochek, go away from him, because somewhere near it are terrible parents.The story of the forest animals can finish the mention of moose, bears, wolves, who also live here.
mixed and deciduous forests
Plants of these places, like animals, too, are very diverse.In addition to the large trees and shrubs, there are also all sorts of flowers, grasses, mosses.Mushrooms can also be attributed to the plant flora.It's nice in the middle of summer or early autumn stroll through the woods and bring home a strong mushrooms, aspen Red Heads, slender podberёzoviki.Pleased with his motley beauty chanterelles, mushrooms.These mushrooms grow in the soil, but the mushrooms choose for themselves the old or dead trees.Basically - birch.
herbaceous cover of the zone for the most part make up the plant rejoice: Zelenchuk, hairy sedge, ungulates.There are transition zones and some taiga: oxalis, starflower, wintergreen, maianthemum and others.
berry plants in the natural oasis too much.You can collect a lot of strawberries, stone bramble, blueberries, cranberries.Flowers - daisies, buttercups, lilies and others - amaze.
Here are the animals and plants of mixed forests of Russia.It is important not to forget to treat nature very carefully and protect it from the bad people, and fires.
