Can you answer the question of what unites the ship's bell, medieval squire bodyguard, the river on the Kola Peninsula and the Bay in Primorsky Krai?Most likely no.Common to all of these concepts is the name - the bell.This is one of those cases where the noun in the Russian language can be a proper name and a common noun.Let's find out what the value is the word when and how it appeared in our language.
origin of the word
among linguists there is no unanimity as to the origin of the word "bell".Some insist that it happened from the Old Slavonic "ryndat" - "shake".Other linguists argue that perhaps it was borrowed from medieval German and bell - a modified sounding word ridder - «Knight».
Another hypothesis states that the word "bell" passed into the Russian language from English.Teaches the British seamanship Russian sailors rebuilt a team ring the bell in a clear and easy to pronounce - "bell beat."
But let us leave the historians and philologists dispute on etymology, and themselves will understand that, what is the meaning of the word "bell", in which cases it is used.
begin with the oldest historical significance.
Palace rank
today that the bell called the prince's bodyguards squires pre-Petrine era, known mainly scientists studying Russian history XVI-XVII centuries.It turns out that bell - a court office, which could only take boys from rich and influential families.Their main task was to escort and guard the governor during travel and travel arrangements.During important receptions at the palace, they were built on either side of the throne of the owner.Rynda always wore smart clothes and armed with heavy axes, hammers.At the beginning of the XVIII century, the post was abolished.
In the modern Russian language the word "bell" in the sense of "bodyguard" or "squire" is not used and is historicism.
Naval habits
today, when they say "the ship's bell," they mean the ship's bell, which since the time of Peter, each equipped ship.We were no exception and submarines.
In fact, when it comes to all the rules, the bell - it is not the bell and its sound, which is to symbolize the beginning of a new day on the ship.Thus, for centuries used the name of the ship's bell - bell - it has become a tradition.
Despite the fact that all modern ships are equipped with modern systems and a warning bell is still used on river and marine applications in difficult situations, for example when driving in fog or event of an emergency on board.
When she appeared on the Russian navy?
In times of Peter I, actively develop the Russian navy and train foreigners art navigation Russian sailors, along with the new terms, commands and rules appeared bell ship.Russian sailors sailing ships, ships which use the English team "beat the bell» (ring the bell), performed it without really thinking about the meaning.Over time, incomprehensible foreign team turned to a shorter - "bell beat."
main functions
bell-bell has played an important role in the life of the ship and served not only to determine the time, but also to gather the team to build or alarm, mark its presence in a storm or fog.In addition, the sailors consider it a kind of talisman of the vessel and protect.
Set bell on the bow of the ship, and it bears the name of the vessel.To determine the time the sailors' sounding bells "every half hour.This is due to the fact that before the ships were only an hourglass with a maximum interval of 30 minutes.Special sailor tracked when peppered with sand from the top to the bottom of a bowl, beat the clock and turned the bottle.Ship charter clearly defines how many bottles you have to beat as the Navy day is divided into four time periods, each of which bounces a fixed number of beats.So, at 12 o'clock, that is, in the afternoon, hit three times.
For seafarers bell - is not only and not so much a signal instrument.Usually it is a talisman on the outside which, as mentioned above, is the name of the ship.
Marine signs
Mariners - people are superstitious, and with such an important ship symbol as bell, connected with lots of signs, in that they now believe:
- One of the most ancient signs, came even with sailing ships, it is believed thatstrong ship's bell ringing of the ship can calm a violent storm raging sea and banish the devil.
- If for some reason the ship changes its name, the bell remains the same, and with the old name.
- As if the ship had a baby, it is often a cross or the sound of the ship's ship's bell, and sometimes in itself.
- When the ship's bell ringing cracks or for no reason, then the crew waiting for any troubles and problems.
- Those who steal or damage the ship's bell, he suggests the trouble.
- hear the ringing bells of the ship wreck - to a severe test, or death.
Geographical names
But apart from historical and maritime significance, bell used in geographical names.On the map of Russia have Rynda bay on the island of Russian in the Primorsky Territory and the river with the same name on the Kola Peninsula.Interestingly, the name of the river, apparently, comes from the old Russian "ryndat" significant "shake", but the bay was named in honor of the Russian corvette bronepalubnogo "Rynda" floating in the Pacific Ocean in the XIX century.
Rynda River is located in the northeast of the Kola Peninsula and flows into the Barents Sea.
flow of the river is quite active, and there are three beautiful waterfalls.The top of the banks are steep, rocky and high, and the rapids are interspersed with sections of wells.At the bottom of Rynda coast more gentle and low.How rapids and waterfalls provide ample opportunities to "ryndat."Famous for its fishing this river, it comes and large Atlantic salmon and sea trout, brown trout live and Arctic char.In many areas of the upper reaches of the burbot, pike and perch.
In Primorye, the island Russian, part of the city limits of Vladivostok, is Rynda bay, photos of which you can see below.It refers to the Sea of Japan and is located in the western part of the island, between the bays of the governor and Babkin.The length of the steep and rocky coastline of the bay Rynda - about 5 kilometers, it is located along the beaches have long been popular with the locals.Here it is: mooring for boats, tourist facilities, as well as paid beach with an interesting name "Holiday Fishermen."In the opinion of the fishing enthusiasts, this is where the best bite flounder.
