in the literature are often confused designate ethnic group, nation and civilization.Terminology and concepts on this part of the theoretically little developed.Coexist several types of symbols of the human community.But most agree on one thing: ethnic group - a team with a common and cherished from generation to generation the myth of his own origins.To make it easier to use the system of concepts, it is necessary to classify the terms "local civilization", "people", "nation", "ethnicity".You will need a small cultural analysis.Ethnicity - a group of the smallest in size.Such associations, and diverse, may be included in the nation.The last few groups combines the concept of "the people."Finally, there is a community of civilization.Most often it is the state.That it is the boiler, in which ethnic groups are formed.
Shirokogorov and Gumilev
social, cultural, biological community as a unit of the demographic process - that is synthesized from two exercises term for ethnicity.This process demographics associated with available resources (Shirokogorov) and pulsating energy (Gumilev).
Types ethnic
Ethnicity - is primarily a community of people based blood relationship that is born.Thus, in the early days of primitive communal tribes people gathered.From these relations gradually formed nation.Further, for purely geographical factors to the development of civilization formed the nation.Most directly leading to the unification of the road can be described as exactly the demographic that marriages are made in separate groups so long that genetics have time to fix not only the external similarities, but also many of the character traits.And when and physical appearance, and habits are common, the group could reasonably be called an ethnic group.There are strong self-awareness, self-identification, and the most important role is played by a clear separation of foreign from their own.The cultural core of this community - the total area of ​​collective holidays, legends and myths, language, customs and the way of life.
Memory generations
Information should be continuously and constantly broadcast from older to younger, stronger continuity of relationships, but it will ensure the stability of the ethnic system.Otherwise, the community is divided.So ethnic group - is primarily a biological relationship (endogamy), rituals and celebrations as a means of cultural cohesion, a common language, similar way of life and economy, political unanimity.
demographic material, or three kinds of identity
Any political formation is based on ethnicity, linking the role and svyazuya all institutions of society.From simple political form - the tribe - grows more complex - a state where ethnic group - is a small part of the community, which we call "the people."Last above government roles and classes, he embracing.Combine it can as a religion (Orthodox people or orthodox), and secular culture.The nation as such, bound by common traditions and customs or general political movement - it's just one of those forms, which are designated the concept of "the people."There are important common history and a common national culture.The main thing - to understand that ethnic group, people (nation) and civilization - a phenomenon defined in the different layers of society.
