Woe to the vanquished!These words Brenna, the Gallic leader, remained in history because he laconically expressed the essence of the situation in the country, injured military fiasco.The winner dictates the conditions under which wish to receive financial compensation for losses incurred during the fighting.The amount of damage it defines itself according to its own considerations and calculations.
indemnities - is expressed in monetary terms the amount you have to pay (often very long) defeated country in favor of the winner.Most often, the latter is not limited to such a form of calculation and requires regional assignments and usually gets them.
Contributions, reparations, annexation and other punishments
The word has become widespread in Russia after the proclamation of the "Decree on Peace", held directly (the next day) after the October 1917 coup.It Leninist government encouraged the warring parties for an immediate cessation of the war without defining winners and losers, while refraining from annexations, indemnities and other means of compensation for damages.Decree wore frankly demagogic-populist in nature, since the coming defeat of Germany and Austria-Hungary is no longer in doubt.
course, Britain, France and the United States rejected the proposal.After the signing of the armistice on kempenskogo Germany has imposed a huge indemnity.This, of course, facilitated the recovery of the economies of winning, but later contributed to the emergence of the Nazi movement, has received massive support from the population humiliated and plundered the country.
for Punishment for the Second World
indemnity and reparation of steel re-measures the impact on Germany after its defeat in 1945.During World War II devastation suffered a huge area west of the territory of the USSR.More than 60% of the industrial potential of the Soviet was destroyed, and the quantity of cultural property removed by the Nazis, in the millions of units.According to the Yalta and Potsdam agreements imposed on German reparations in the form of industrial equipment, technologies, and even movies.
During this period, monetary compensation was practically impossible, so determine indemnity or reparation is quite difficult, and legal differences persist on the issue today.Claims to the Russian Federation concerning displaced after World War II, cultural values impose eight states, though without much success.
Historical precedents were before.The Louvre has many artifacts captured during the predatory campaigns of Napoleon Bonaparte, and the likelihood of their return to their country of origin can be considered as very low.
How to calculate the damage?
The main problem remains the method of calculation, or rather, lack of it in determining the amount which must be indemnity.Determining the amount of damages remains the prerogative of the victorious countries, and therefore is subjective.Also difficult to assessing the material lives of tens of millions of people ruthlessly sacrificed invaders.
Apparently, soon a breakthrough in terms of international law dealing with these difficult questions, is not expected.Indemnities - the punishment for the aggressor country, expressed in the legislation adopted by the world monetary terms, but in order to implement it, you must completely destroy the armed forces of a belligerent State, and to establish on its territory the occupation regime.Otherwise, sooner or later it may terminate further payments, as happened in 1935, when Germany was unilaterally refused to comply with the terms of the Versailles Treaty.
Until then, until the world order rests on the balance of power, remains valid the old, old motto: "Woe to the vanquished!»
