psychoanalyst and the client interaction takes the form of a conversation, which includes aspects of verbal and nonverbal interaction.The position of the client at the same time may be different: he can sit in a chair across from the analyst or lie on the couch, having visual contact with a specialist or just perceiving his voice.In psychoanalysis, the main way to study the human unconscious is a method of free association, when a client says whatever comes into his head, and the analyst, using active listening, then it helps to draw conclusions on the causes of the stated problems of the possible solutions for this particular patient.The method of free association is updated by one aspect of the problem, which is available on the effects of this phase of work.
When eye contact is supplemented by active listening psychoanalyst non-verbal means of interaction.It can be eye contact, facial expressions, tone of voice, the creation of spatial conditions for the psychoanalytic session.First of all, every customer should feel comfortable and safe in the office of a specialist, so the analyst must adhere to rules of engagement adopted for all types of counseling: respect distance communication, respect for patient confidentiality.
technique involves active listening:
- manifestation of interest to the client's message, which is manifested in the form of brief remarks like "aha-reaction" clarifying questions, information making gestures (nods, answers to questions, the approval);
- attention to detail messages, singling out significant events, fixing them in memory or in the minutes of the session;
- observation of the expression of emotions and analysis of their compliance with the material to be reported, as well as analysis of their own emotional reactions, ie,involvement in portable relationships that are relevant to the client (child-parent, superior-subordinate, the victim of the aggressor, and other);
- bezotsenochnoe messages from which the client expects to condemn or, on the contrary, supporting the reaction to the analyst, which makes it possible to understand the power of the super-ego of the client and its impact on behavior in society;
- use of pauses in conversation with the purpose of understanding and prochuvstvovaniyu client what is being discussed, which is the topic of conversation.
Active listening - is the foundation for further analysis of the communications, asa customer at the same time has the ability to not only consciously present factual material, but also afford to dream about the future, we plan to address the problem, analyze your feelings, your memories live "here and now".The decision is often taken independently by the client with support analyst who only helps him to analyze the relationship of events past and present, to establish a cause-and-effect relationships, find new ways for self-improvement.
Active listening takes about 70% of the time of the psychoanalytic session, especially when they first met, when the client needs to talk, cry, complain about life, to formulate the problem.Speech Analytics in these cases the need for stress relief, relaxation, support the client.In the course of psychoanalytic therapy requires active listening situations in the client's dream analysis, when the psychoanalyst clarifies only fragments, stimulates self-awareness, highlights important elements based on which will be analyzed.
In psychoanalysis, active listening is used at each session to a greater or lesser extent, as a function of the analyst - to get as much factual and fantasy information for diagnosis and further analysis based on the thoughts and opinions of the client.
