One of the most pressing problems of today's Russian economy - the rise of knowledge-based industries with the industry to improve competitiveness.This requires access to advanced technologies and their introduction to the work.This is the state innovation policy.
Theoretically, you can go two ways: either acquire the know-how already known technology companies with a worldwide reputation, or rely on their own scientific potential.The second is more promising, but there are barriers in the way, organizational, administrative, financial.
innovative policy of the state was carried out for many years only the largest institutions through planning and budget financing, but was not based on established and innovative features of the process.
In a small business is particularly vulnerable is an innovative business.History shows the highest activity of innovation in this area from 1990 to 1995.But by assets disintegrated, the majority did not last even a couple of years - were too unfavorable conditions:
- exorbitant taxes;
- difficulty in renting the premises;
- expensive energy and raw materials.
Innovative companies could not hope for state support.That is why we continue to see a decline in activity in the two critical areas that can bring Russia into the lead in the global market: the decline in production and the decline in the area of scientific and technical.And it proves once again: state innovation policy should be changed.
want to believe that, despite the fact that today the Russian market "lacks" almost any goods (and not always the license), we will see in the next decade, the strong development of innovation and in particular - at the level of companies, both large andvery small.Innovation policy should be structured so that all companies, regardless of size, have access to "fresh air": tax cuts, the possibility of introducing new, advanced technologies.Supporting businesses today, allowing them to consolidate and firmly on his feet, the country lay in its coffers a greater percentage of profits than it could "squeeze out" of the companies trying to stay afloat.
With weak stimulating innovation (which is today the main feature of the economic life) to develop the country simply can not.And the key to the exit are in the major inventions of innovation (basic), the transition to the latest generation technology.While innovation policy is seen in action only in the armed forces.But evidence of Russia's military might have little impact on the living standards of its population.
Innovation policy can be divided into three main sectors.
At the top will definitely lay a rather narrow sector of breakthrough technologies based on domestic inventions.It is possible to provide priority and to create high competitiveness on narrow segments of the global market.With ambitious and skillful implementation of the priorities can be achieved significant revenue.
following sectors wider.Here is an opportunity to rely on their licenses, and foreign.Organization of development on an equal footing.This will not only set up production, but also to deliver their products to a serious, competitive market.And you can not, again, be silent about the conversion of the military industry and science.Sensitive development today can be used in the production and bring enormous income.
Another sector the widest where the country has no scientific reserve, where too little innovation potential (or no).It is advisable to use the potential of foreign considering reducing restrictions on the export of technology (high).Cooperation can be very productive.No country today is capable of independently master the whole range of directions in modern science.
selective innovation policy must rely on the development and implementation of programs that cover production chain completely and simultaneously sold the following areas: software innovators of all resources (including funding);creation of engineering firms, marketing and consulting systems, commercial banks for investment, technology exchanges, the formation of market infrastructure, the creation of science cities, free economic zones, and so on;development of mechanisms for the activities of all subjects related to the market innovations based on mutually beneficial cooperation.
