Recently increasingly heard the concept of "innovation", which means any changes, innovations and is used either alone or in conjunction with words such as activities, processes, decisions, and so on. D. What is itand how much is needed?
Society is arranged so that is in constant development.Changing needs, changing the content of human activity ... Consequently, the changes are almost all spheres of life.Almost any book on the economy can be seen the view that innovation - the conversion of potential scientific and technological progress in the real, which is embodied, in turn, in the production of new products or technologies.It promotes not only a particular process, but also the whole of humanity as a whole.
Types innovation isolated according to different attributes.For example, the scale they are local and global.Focusing on the process parameters, separate them on the process and product.Depending on the depth of the changes mark a radical improving and modification.According to the degree of novelty distinguish these types of innovations as new for this industry in the world, in the country for an individual enterprise.
Depending on the location, you need to change note "input", ie in the selection of information, raw materials, and so on. D. This may affect the quality of the goods or services.In addition, there is innovation "output", ie those that directly affect the result of the work (services, technology, information, etc.).If we talk about the changes in the company, they may relate to system structure, management, technological or industrial.
also highlights innovations taking into account the type of activity.On the basis of this kind of innovation can be the following: social, managerial, technological, industrial, economic, and so on. D. So, now in educational institutions, in connection with the introduction of the new GEF, teachers are increasingly adopting in their work innovative activities, includinga new form, means, methods.This applies to social change.
There are many classifications, one of them offered AI Prigogine, and its basis - the five main criteria.So, in terms of prevalence, isolated individual (that is done once) and diffuse (applied periodically) the types of innovation.If we talk about a change in the production cycle, they can be raw, food, and provides (in other words, binding).
In terms of continuity, innovation may be replacement, return, open, canceled retrovvedeniya.The name of each of these species suggests itself which refers to the change.Given the expected coverage of the market share, they can be local, strategic or systemic.If this criterion is taken for the classification, the potential and the degree of novelty can be distinguished such types of innovation as combinatorial radical and perfection.As can be seen from nazvvany, each of them has a purpose and direction.
changes at any time, pushed the society to develop.It does not matter whether they are something completely unknown, or the old method which has once again become relevant, for any reason.The use of new materials and technology leads to improved products and services.Innovation in the production or social sphere are always in demand, and most economically justified.Innovation can occur in minor and seemingly imperceptible change, and in expanding the range of products offered.
