As globalization and internationalization of the world economy growing international flows of goods, capital, services and loans.Currency relations - a social interaction that accompany the implementation of the transactions related to the operation of currencies in the international exchange of goods, services and information.
their subjects appear:
- Residents:
- physical persons (citizens of the Russian Federation);
- foreign citizens and people without citizenship who permanently reside in the Russian Federation for a residence permit;
- legal entity established in accordance with the legislation of the country;
- branches, representative offices and other entities resident outside the Russian Federation;
- consular offices, diplomatic mission of Russia abroad;
- the Russian Federation, its subjects and municipalities.
- Nonresidents:
- physical persons-non-residents;
- legal entities located outside the Russian Federation;
- accredited diplomatic missions in Russia and consulates of foreign states;
- organizations which are not legal entities located outside the Russian Federation;
- intergovernmental and interstate associations and their representative;
- branches, representative offices and other structural units of non-residents located in the Russian Federation.
Currency relations - the most difficult part of the interstate financial realities.They are the basis of interstate cooperation.Currency as a universal equivalent involved in the exchange of goods and capital.
all ongoing exchange relations develop into a single system.It is a special form of communication in the organization of exchange rates laid down by law.In connection with this are several types of such systems in the global economy:
- world monetary system.Form and handling the national currency on a global scale.In these respects, there is no single world currency standard.
- National.It is defined as cash equivalent will function within the same country, who he will be produced and monitored.
- Regional.This is a new element of the universal system, which is the link between the national and the global.There are rules for the currency of a particular region tends to use a common currency.(Example: CIS).
Today, the international monetary system is characterized by competition euro and the US dollar.Basic calculations between the two countries at the same time carried out in the past, and they set the rules of the convertibility of other currencies.However, the euro is quite confident approaching to become the new equivalent of International Settlements.
now on the market already exists a set of rules and restrictions, as well as to unify the form of payment of the international level, it was legalized currency trading and so on. D.
great influence on the financial and currency relations at the international level provided by leading developed countries (especially the "eight"), acting as partners and rivals.There has been revitalization and developing countries in this area.
