Developing training - a way of organizing the educational process, in which the focus is on the potential of the child.The purpose of this is to develop in students the skills of independent search for knowledge and, consequently, the quality of education such as independence, which is applicable in reality.
Developing training has its origins in the works of such renowned teachers as Vygotsky, Rubinstein, Ushinsky and so on. D. More doing this problem Zankov, Davydov.These educators have developed a curriculum in which the emphasis is on the development of cognitive processes of children.Successfully used their techniques to this day by different teachers, especially in elementary school.All the training is based on the "zone of proximal development", ie the ability of students.A universal method is pedagogical requirements.
basic idea upon which developing training, it lies in the fact that the knowledge of the children are divided into three types.One of them - this is what the students have no idea.The second type - the knowledge that already have children.And the last part is in between.This is the "zone of proximal development" mentioned by Vygotsky.In other words, it is the difference between what a child is able, and in what he can achieve.
Developing training in pedagogy applied beginning from the middle of the last century.Especially actively used its principles in schools and Elkonin Zankova.Their programs are tailored to a few features.
First Zankov noted that the development of the abilities and independence of children contributes to training at a higher level of difficulty.The desire to overcome the problems activates mental abilities of students.
Secondly, the leading role should be given to the theoretical material.The child not only learns and finds patterns and links between certain phenomena and processes.Repetition is not the basic foundation.Return to the old study done through the prism of the new material.
Developing training stipulates that the child was aware what he learns.The student has to understand what the best way for him to memorize the material, what's new, he learned how to change his outlook, and so on. D.
basic principle, which is based on developing education, - an individual approach.Compare and teachers to share the children is not recommended.Every child - a unique personality, which requires a special approach.
Davydov and El'konin calling for that training should be based on a system of scientific concepts.Activities in the classroom should be based on abstract and theoretical thinking of children.Knowledge is given from the general to the particular.The teacher should use a deductive approach to learning.
Thus, the main idea of ​​developing training - emphasizing the child's activities, with emphasis on the formation of theoretical thinking.Knowledge is required not to reproduce, and to put into practice.Very important in this process of learning and personality of the student.
