Wildlife is a holistic, but quite heterogeneous system, which is peculiar to the organization with a clear hierarchy.It is this property and reflect the so-called levels of organization of life.In such a system, all parts accurately located, from the lower to higher order.
levels of organization of life - a hierarchical system by subordinate orders that displays not only the nature of biological systems, but also the gradual complication in relation to each other.Today decided to allocate eight main levels
In addition, there are the following organizations:
1. Micro - doorganizmennaya is a certain degree, which includes the molecular and sub-cellular levels.
2. Mezosistema - is the next, organismal level.These include cell, tissue, organ, system, and organism levels of organization of life.
There are also macro, which represent the totality of supraorganismal levels.
It should also be noted that each level has its own characteristics, which are discussed below.
Doorganizmennye Biological Organisation
It decided to allocate two basic steps:
1. The molecular level of organization of life - is the level of performance and organization of biological macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides.Here it begins the most important vital processes of any organism - cell respiration, energy transformation and transmission of genetic information.
2. Subcellular Level - This includes the organization of cellular organelles, each of which fulfills an important role in the existence of the cell.
organism levels of organization of life
This group includes those systems that provide an integrated whole body.Accepted provide the following:
1. The cellular level of organization of life .It's no secret that the cell is the structural unit of any living organism.This level is studied using cytological, cytochemical, cytogenetic and microbiological methods.
2. Cloth level .Here the focus should be paid to the structure, characteristics and functioning of all sorts of fabrics, of which, in fact, consist authorities.The study of these structures are engaged in histology and histochemistry.
3. Organ level .Multicellular organisms are characterized by a new level of organization.There are some groups of fabrics are combined, forming a coherent structure with specific functions.Each body part of a living organism, but can not independently exist outside it.This level of study the sciences of physiology, anatomy and embryology in some measure.
organismal level represents both unicellular and multicellular organisms.After all, every body is a complete system within which carried all the important for life processes.In addition, taken into consideration and the processes of fertilization, development and growth, as well as the aging of the individual organism.The study involved in this level of science such as physiology, embryology, genetics, anatomy, paleontology.
supraorganismal Biological Organisation
There are taken into account is not the organisms and their structural parts, and a certain set of living beings.
1. population-species level .The basic unit is a population - a set of certain types of organisms that populate clearly limited area.All individuals are capable of interbreeding freely with each other.In this study, the level of science involved, such as taxonomy, ecology, population genetics, biogeography, taxonomy.
2. The ecosystem level - are taken into account the sustainable community of different populations, the existence of which is closely linked and dependent on the inanimate nature, climate and so on. D. In the main study of the level of the organization is engaged in ecology
3.Biosphere level - is the highest form of life, which is a global set of biogeocenosis entire planet.
