empirical level of knowledge in science, to some extent correspond to the sensory level studies, theoretically well - rational or logical.Of course, the absolute conformity of them there is no honey.It was established that the level of empirical knowledge includes not only sense, but also a logical study.This information obtained sensual way, here is subject to the primary processing of conceptual (rational) means.
empirical knowledge, therefore, is not only a reflection of reality, shaped by experience.They represent the specific unity of thought and expression of sense of reality.At the first place is a sensual reflection and thinking to execute the monitoring, supporting role.
Empirical data supplied science facts.Their determination is an integral part of any investigation.Thus, the empirical level of knowledge contributes to the establishment and accumulation of scientific facts.
fact is called reliably established event unfabled incident.These documented empirical knowledge synonymous concepts such as "results", "events".
It should be noted that the facts are not only as an information source and "sensual" theoretical foundations of reasoning.They are also, and the criterion of truth and authenticity.
empirical level of knowledge allows to establish the facts in different ways.These methods in particular include observation, experiment, comparison measurement.
Supervision called deliberate and systematic perception of phenomena and objects.The purpose of this is to determine the perception of the relationship and the properties of the phenomena or objects.Monitoring can be carried out both directly and indirectly (using tools - microscope, camera, etc).It should be noted that for a modern science research over time becomes more complicated and indirect.
called comparing the cognitive process.It is the basis, in accordance with which the difference or similarity of objects.A comparison reveals the quantitative and qualitative properties and characteristics of objects.
should be noted that the method of comparison is appropriate in determining signs of similar events or items that form classes.Just as watch, this way of knowledge can be directly or indirectly.In the first case, the comparison is made with the correlation of the two items with the third being the benchmark.
measurement refers to the establishment of a numerical index of a certain value by a specific unit (Watts, centimeters, kilograms, etc.).This method of quantitative analysis used since the emergence of a new European science.Because of its widespread use, the measurement has become an organic part of scientific knowledge.
All of the above methods can be used both individually and in the aggregate.The complex observation, measurement and comparison are part of a more complex method of empirical knowledge - experiment.
This technique involves setting the research subject in clear conditions recorded or reproduced it artificially to identify those or other characteristics.The experiment is a way of the active empirical research.Activity in this case requires the ability to interfere with the subject during the study process or phenomenon.
