Politics is an activity related to the process of organization and mobilization of resources to achieve collective goals.The very concept is applied to the most ancient times.For example, Aristotle's treatise was called "Politics".The word comes from the Greek "polis" - city-state community.Thus, the essence of the policy, according to Aristotle, had a close relationship with the life of society and the state.
Several different definition given by J. Blondel.The essence of the policy, according to French political scientist, represented mainly by the activities by which decisions are reached, which are then carried out in the conditions of society and for his benefit.
Over an extended period of submission of the above activities were purely normative.In accordance with the essence of the policy was to "fight for a just order", representing a method of achieving benefits for the whole society.
In science interpretation of the definition depends on the theoretical position of the student.
policy of structural and functional sense is a mandatory component of the organization of each team.This activity is connected directly to the goal setting (setting goals / targets), coercion and preserving the integrity of the community to the danger of global threats.
D. Easton (American political scientist) defines the essence of politics as volitional value-distribution.In other words, certain social phenomena necessarily endowed with meaning.Subsequent refinement of specificity has been associated with the establishment of the procedure for access to the resources of social importance.
Proponents conflict approach defines politics as the interaction of conflicting class (according to Marx) and the interaction between interest groups (according to concepts of Truman, Bentley and other figures).
Some experts believe that this public activity aimed at compulsory settlement of conflicts in society.This tool control advocate values.According to this concept, there is a shift of emphasis from direct conflict interaction towards ensuring its peaceful settlement.According to the American political scientist Held, the embodiment of politics going on and cooperation in the fight against groups on the production, use and distribution of resources.
According to the proponents of the theory of rational choice, it should be analyzed in terms of social exchange.This basic categories for the study becomes a private purpose and individual interest.Activities are regarded as social interaction of individuals seeking to achieve collective goals, is formed under the condition of impossibility to achieve such an individual.
essence the pricing policy
cost is an important economic indicator.The company is forced to reckon with the price and the (possible) influence it.Cost (in a competitive market) is formed mainly under the influence of factors that add up objectively, regardless of the enterprise.
essence of fiscal policy
This activity is a set of measures in the field of charges and fees.The starting point in the implementation of tax policies are provisions in the tax law.Manifestations of this set of measures are exemptions, rates, facilities.
Tax policy is considered to be a mandatory part of the financial policy.The objectives and content of these activities are caused by socio-economic structure of society, as well as groups having state power.
