presence of a variety of natural areas is a characteristic of our planet.They follow each other and differ in their climatic conditions, flora and fauna, as well as the landscape, which is dominated by them.One of them is the taiga - natural area, located within the temperate climate zone.
characteristic for the taiga coniferous trees, which are the main representatives of the vegetation.There are a lot of wetlands.This is due to the fact that a large amount of rainfall does not penetrate deep into the soil of the permafrost, but does not evaporate.
Taiga, natural area, stretches across Eurasia from west to east in the 7 th. Kilometers, and in North America - on the 5 th. Kilometers.Russian boreal forest is the largest area of the landscape area of the country.She began to take shape long before the glaciers.
What else is characterized by taiga?Its climate is characterized by very cold winters and fairly cool summers.In this natural area receive higher rainfall.The soils in the taiga podzolic and cryogenic taiga.All these conditions favor the growth of conifers.In the European part of Russia in the taiga growing spruce, fir, pine, cedar.This is - coniferous forests.Grassy cover here can not be called rich, mainly represented berry bushes - blueberries, blackberries, cranberries.In light coniferous taiga of East Siberia growing spruce, larch and dwarf trees (alder, willow polar, polar birch), berry bushes.In the Far East, mainly larch taiga, sparse.
In Europe, the Taiga is located in Scandinavia and in Finland - it covers almost the whole of their territory.
Taiga, natural area, is divided into northern, central and southern.They differ in terms of climate, flora and fauna.For example, in the northern zone of vegetation is most scarce: trees and shrubs generally sparse and stunted.The middle band is saturated over the taiga vegetation, but it is mainly mosses, grasses and spruce-bilberry.South Zone taiga is rich of flora.There are not only the coniferous, but also small-leaved trees (birch, aspen), and low-growing shrubs.
Taiga, natural area that stretches from the 42nd parallel, the northern island of Hokkaido (southern boundary) to 72 th parallel, the Taimyr Peninsula (northern boundary), is the most extensive area of the climate of the planet.
compared to tundra taiga fauna is more diverse.It is possible to meet a lynx, chipmunks, wolverine, sable, rabbit, shrew.Taiga since ancient times was the site of production of furs.It is home to some representatives of the ungulates: moose, noble and reindeer, roe deer.Because rodents in the forest live mice, voles, and various types of protein.Taiga diverse world of birds: here you can find the capercaillie, nutcracker, crossbill, hazel grouse.
taiga Climatic conditions are favorable enough for the animals.It is home to the largest number of fur-bearing animals in the world.In cold weather, reduced activity of the animals, because many of them hibernate.
Taiga Russia, namely the taiga forests of Siberia are considered green "lungs" of the planet: these forests support the carbon and oxygen balance of the lower layer of the atmosphere.So here create national parks and reserves to be able to thoroughly examine the unique flora and fauna of this natural area.
Taiga is a source of timber.In addition, it focused numerous mineral deposits required to man - coal, gas, oil.
taiga area residents hunt (in particular, production of fur), gathering berries, fruits and nuts, cattle and harvest herbs.Many of them are engaged in lesopromyslovom economy.
