English Revolution of the 17th century, many historians call a civil war or a bourgeois revolution.After a few years the British government has turned into a constitutional monarchy with a very strong parliament, which opened access to power to the representatives of the bourgeois class.
However, the English Revolution was not only a struggle against the absolute power of the monarch.There was a confrontation and religions - between the Puritans and the Anglican Church followers constantly clashed.Riots broke out as constants among Scots and Irish.
Causes of the English Revolution
After the death of Elizabeth Tudor country was in a very difficult position.It is worth noting that in the last years of the great Queen of the opinion of Parliament is practically not taken into account.But the views of the nobility changed dramatically after the throne took James English, who believed that the monarch - the only one who has the right to govern.
situation even more tense after the coronation of Charles I, who held political views of his father.First, the king sought to unite the population of Ireland, England and Scotland, and it has not caused enthusiasm for either side.Second, he tried to rule without the aid of the House of Lords.In the first five years of the monarch summoned and dissolved parliament three times, and then renounced his help for 11 years.
In addition, Karl married a Catholic, that could not go unnoticed by the Puritans, who made every effort to eradicate the territory of the country, even the smallest sprouts Catholicism.
In connection with the Scottish rebellion in 1642, Karl called the Parliament, which is known to history as "long".The monarch could not dissolve the House of Lords and fled to New York.
English Revolution and its consequences
As a result of the insurgency know and MPs split into two camps.Knights kept God-given power of the monarch.For the king has joined most of the nobility from across the country that initially gave him a military advantage.The other part of the population - round-- supported the idea of a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary government.Most of the Puritan Roundheads was led by Oliver Cromwell.
first troops of Cromwell had trained hard to resist cavalry.However, the advantage was on the side of the Roundheads.In 1644 a battle took place at Marton Moor, which resulted in Cromwell took over almost the entire part of the North of England.
Already in 1645 the army was formed a new sample, which consisted solely of professional, trained soldiers.In the same year there was a battle at Nesbit, which cemented the power of Roundheads.
In 1649, Charles I was captured and executed.In the same year, England was proclaimed a constitutional monarchy.
However, the government could hardly claim to be constitutional.Already in 1653, Oliver Cromwell declared himself Lord (protector) in England reigned military dictatorship.
Only after the death of Cromwell's parliament passed a decision to renew the status of the monarchy.Historians believe that after the ascension to the throne of her son executed monarch English Revolution finally ended.In 1660 Charles II was crowned.
Results English Revolution
main objective of the uprising reached - England became a constitutional monarchy.In the future, a strong parliament was formed, which significantly reduces the power of the royal family.Now the management of the State have access and the representatives of the bourgeoisie.
was proclaimed and free trade, which greatly improved the condition of the state treasury, as well as weakening the Netherlands, which was considered the main rival of England.
