Even in the pre-Mongol period in the XI century, Kievan princes began to produce his own coin minting.There are money Svyatopolk, Vladimir I and Yaroslav.The fact is that while the reduced surge foreign coins.But as the need for money all increased, the princes began to be made of its accumulated metal.However, all these coins were produced in small quantities and for long.
Russian ruble : the birth process
He appeared in the XIII century and looked like an elongated bar of silver weighing not more than 200 grams, roughly chopped off the ends.We know it from the chronicles and birch-bark letters.In some sources called ruble chopped grivenka, and here's why.First, poured a narrow elongated ingot of silver, and then using a chisel cut it into pieces - the hryvnia.Their weight was around 200 g.These ingots were called ruble-hryvnia, or simply rubles.Some scientists explain the origin of the word differently.It is believed that it originates from the name of the monetary unit of India - "rupee", which translated means "cattle."This is hardly true statement.
spear money
silver rubles was used for the manufacture of small coins.For this grivenka stretched into wire and divided into pieces.Each of them is then flattened and minted coins.In Moscow, the ruble was obtained from 200 money, and in Novgorod on 16 more.During the reign of Ivan the Terrible mother, Elena Glinsky, the princes could not independently minted its own coins each.It was established monetary system, common to all the great states.The coins are now minted in accordance with strict rules.The prototype of the usual for us kopecks were irregularly shaped silver coins with the image of a rider with a spear.Year on Russian coins started to put only from the time of Tsar Fedor Ivanovich.
Russian silver ruble : the mystery of the disappearance of
study of the history of the world shows that before the advent of coins played the role of money ingots.And in Russia - on the contrary.Within a few centuries in the course of the money, and suddenly - again ingots.It seems incredible, but true.Further development in Russia of the money form of certain historical events prevented.It turns out that in the XII-XIII centuries combined again before the land broke up into several principalities.Accordingly, it stopped and coinage, the same for the entire country.As the money began to be used again pieces of silver.The difference was only that now they have a clearly defined shape and weight.
Russian silver ruble : return
gradually disappeared from circulation and bars, and efimki.Money in Russia continued to believe in rubles, but the coin itself did not exist.The ruble was only notional unit of account.Under Peter I in circulation are silver penny and polkopeyki.Coins, especially small ones, are not enough.Kopek at the time was so valuable that it is not exchanged, and cut into 2-3 pieces.Each of them was in the back of their own.By decree of Peter I Russian ruble silver coins in the form first started to do in 1704.On one side it was engraved with a portrait of the reigning king and signature, and on the other - two-headed eagle and the date of manufacture.In 1769, we introduced paper money and silver ruble ceased to be the main currency unit.But he has not lost its significance as an extra.And in 1840 the banknotes was abolished and Russian silver ruble again became the country's main currency.In this role, he lasted until 1897, when the reform and Witte abolished it.
