As is known, a fire extinguisher is the most important and most effective way to fight a fire.With him for a few minutes to stop the fire.Therefore, in every organization in a visible and accessible location should be located is the primary means of fire safety.Types of fire extinguishers depends on the substances contained in them.They may be in the form of water, foam, powder, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other chemically inert gases.With enactment of the extinguisher from its nozzle is manufactured substance, and that the fire is extinguished.The release of the contents occurs under very high pressure.
Types of fire extinguishers used in the fire, depending on the nature of fire.There are four common classes of fire, which are assigned to the respective symbols.First Class (A) - combustion of solid materials, which is accompanied by decay.These include wood, paper and textiles.Class B comprises self burning of liquid substances which do not dissolve in water (benzene, petroleum ether), as well as soluble components (alcohol, glycerol).Class C is inflammation of gaseous substances (natural gas, propane).Fire Class D - burning metals and their alloys (metal hydrides, organometallic compounds).Class E is electrical fire.
When ignited liquid, solid and gaseous substances used these types of fire extinguishers, as a powder.A stream of powder to be moved in different directions in order to smother the flames.
Once this is done, you need to completely cover the layer of powder pockets of fire.During this procedure, it is necessary to apply the broken portions.When burning liquid substances (fire class B), the jet should be directed primarily at the proximal end.Feed powder must be carried out continuously.Wherein the valve is fully open.Move should be so that the back and sides were not outstanding areas, and in the combustion zone must be maintained powder cloud.
Upon ignition of gaseous substances, the powder jet to be directed almost parallel to the jet of gas directly into the gas stream.When extinguishing electrical equipment (of course, without power) powder jet should be directed straight to the source of the flame.Shelf life extinguisher (average) is ten years.
to extinguish fires in Class B (fire of liquids) and class E (electrical) apply dioxide types of extinguishers.Liquefied carbon dioxide is their main active agent.They are hand-held, mobile and stationary.Portable fire extinguisher extinguish electrical fires, with voltage up to 1000V.Mobile used to extinguish flammable liquids, covering an area of five square meters, and small electrical installations, which are live.They are used in the case when it is undesirable, for example, the use of water (art galleries, museums or archives).The service life of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers - up to ten years.
Almost universally applicable foam fire extinguishers.They use a chemical foam, obtained from solutions of alkalis and acids, as well as air-manual, which is formed from the aqueous foam stream of air, carbon dioxide or nitrogen.
There are such kinds of fire extinguishers, as aerosol.They are used for extinguishing flammable liquids, flammable as well as electrical, under voltage, different materials, excluding alkali metals and oxygen-containing substances.They are limited shelf-life of five years.
There is another type of fire extinguisher - a powder extinguisher, automatic CAP-1.It is used for fires of class A, B, C and E. Its main feature - automatic operation without human intervention.
all and sundry will not be superfluous to recall that in the event of fire should be, if possible, immediately call the fire truck.
