At the end of the eighteenth century Frolov brothers created for industrial needs of one of the large enterprises a new form of transport, which represent the cars that move on the railway track.Rail transport in the modern sense appeared a little later - in 1825 in England.As for our country, the first railway in Russia was built under the direction of Austrian engineer von Gerstner.This idea was supported personally Nicholas I, who signed an April 15, 1836 a decree.According to the document, the country began construction of the so-called Tsarskoye Selo railway.
funds for the construction were provided by Count Bobrinsky, by von Gerstner as well as other persons, who represented Russian, American and German capital.The first railway in Russia was to connect St. Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo.It should be noted that later branch extended by 700 meters to Pavlovsk.Work on the construction of the facility started May 1, 1836.For the track width has been selected, it is equal to 1829 mm, despite the fact that in European countries, this rate was 1,435 mm.To organize horse-drawn carts pass on the line was constructed several crossings.The first Russian Railways won the Belgian rails, each unit of which had a minimum length of 3.7 m and the maximum - 6.9 m. The movement on it was opened October 30, 1837.This date has gone down in history as the beginning of a regular rail transportation in our country.
rolling stock was purchased in Belgium and England.By the day of its opening, the first railway in Russia could boast the presence of six locomotives with structural changes dictated by the other gauge, 44 passenger cars and 19 trucks.The first domestic train cars were completed, divided into four classes.The most convenient of them were the coach, who had covered the body.Their soft seats at the same time can accommodate eight people.All the others could carry ten passengers.Regardless of the class of lighting and heating in the cars was missing.
March 15, 1838 in effect was first introduced by the train schedule, according to which their departure began at 9:00 and ended at 22-00.Thus the interval between the averaged four hours.The first railway in Russia was a single-track, so in the central part of the crossing was equipped to allow for the crossing of trains that went to the terminus at the same time.Average travel time - 42 minutes.In the summer of 1876 on the site there was a second main path.This significantly improved driving safety and ride from beginning to end was reduced to 32 minutes.January 2, 1900 Tsarskoselskaya line became part of the Moscow-Vindava-Rybinsk Railway, thereby ceased to be independent.At the same time the width of the track it was changed to the standard amounts to 1524 mm.
construction of railways in Russia, which began to develop rapidly after the onset of the Tsarskoye Selo branches require qualified specialists.The first domestic institution was the appropriate profile of Railway Engineers.Its graduates have actively participated in the construction of railways connecting Moscow and St. Petersburg.
