In this article, we will reveal the meaning of such concepts as "evaporation" and "condensation".
Vaporization is characterized by the transition from liquid to gaseous state.This can be done in two modes: by boiling or evaporation method.
Evaporation process is called evaporation, which occurs from the surface of the liquid substance.Then explain in detail how the evaporation and condensation, that is, the reverse process - the return of the molecules in the liquid.The evaporation process is carried out as follows: due to the fact that the molecules of any substance in the liquid state is continuously moving randomly, and with different speeds.Between them there is a mutual attraction, thanks to which they can not fly out, but if on the surface of the substance would molecule with high kinetic energy, it overcomes the force of attraction between the molecules of a substance and reach.The same process will be repeated with other molecules.Started out out, the molecules form pairs above the liquid.This is the evaporation.
Because of the evaporation of the liquid ejected molecules having the highest speed, the average kinetic energy of the molecules, which were in substance, is on the decrease.As a result, temperature drop of the evaporating liquid and is cooled.At the same time, we know that the water for a long time as being in a glass evaporate, but she is not cooled continuously until it freezes.Why is that?It's all in the heat exchange of water with the warm air that surrounds the glass.
evaporation rate depends on the type of fluid, its temperature, the surface area of the liquid substance, on the presence of the liquid substance over the surface of the wind.
cooling agent in a liquid state by evaporation more significantly with the rapid evaporation process.Substances that evaporate quickly, used in engineering.Cooling of the liquid during evaporation is also used in devices that measure the humidity.
With simple experiments can be determined that the rate of evaporation will increase with the increase of the temperature of liquid substances, as well as in proportion to the area of the free surface.
Evaporation and condensation processes opposite.We have learned that such evaporation, and now look at how to condense.The liquid evaporates quickly in the presence of wind, but why?This is due to the fact that during evaporation is also carried out and the reverse process, which is called "condensation".It occurs due to the fact that some of the vapor molecules, moving over liquid substance back to it again.The wind carries the molecules fly out for a long distance, not allowing them to come back.
condensation of water vapor occurs in a case where it is not in contact with the liquid substance.The formation of clouds is the process of condensation, in which rising above the ground vapor molecules are grouped into small water droplets in cold atmospheric layers.Rain and dew - is also a consequence of condensation of water vapor in the environment.
liquid cooled during evaporation, becoming colder environment begins to implement its energy absorption.The amount of energy absorbed is called "latent heat of evaporation".
And when condensation occurs the opposite: energy is released into the environment, thereby increasing its temperature indicator.There are two kinds of condensation: film and drip.The film is formed on the wetted surface and accompanied by the appearance of the film.On a surface which is not wetted formed droplet condensation.
Evaporation and condensation on the practice applied in the process of refrigeration.
