Metal Forming - manufacturing process workpieces and molded parts by plastic deformation of the starting material.This type of processing may undergo materials having sufficient plastic properties.For brittle alloys, such as cast iron, this method of shaping is not applicable due to the high probability of destruction of parts as a result of strong external impact.
Technology of semi-finished and finished products in this way involves the use of material in both cold and hot.This implies significant differences in the properties of the finished product.Metal forming will only slightly change the structure, consequently, physicomechanical properties of the material if it is initially in a hot state.
Shaping billet of metal cold is applied in the case of manufacturing a large batch of high-quality small parts.This is because in this state the material is hardened, followed by a change of its properties.In particular, increased strength characteristics of the finished product.
Theory of metal forming based on the use of plastic properties of these materials.In particular, the ability to use them to permanent deformation body which maintains the size and shape even after the external load was removed.Changing the geometrical parameters product is due to static or dynamic external pressure, causing considerable tension in the alloy, the amount of which exceeds the yield strength significantly.
are the following types of metal forming:
-
rolling, during which the treated material is subjected to compression on special equipment by passing between the rolls, which reported a rotary motion;
-
drawing.In this case shaping takes place only lengthy products such as wire, rod or pipe.The essence of this treatment is the parent metal is pulled through a hole smaller than the diameter of the initial billet, located in a special tool - portage;
-
forging, which provides a consistent change in the shape and size of items in a hot state by successive hammer blows or pressure created by the press.This type of treatment can improve the structure and properties of forging;
-
stamping, which can be a sheet or bulk.In both cases, the same type equipment: the press and die, but the ratio of the size of the workpiece is different;
-
pressing, in which the material is extruded from a closed mold having holes.
Metal Forming has a number of advantages, among which are:
-
the possibility of mechanization and automation of the manufacturing process details;
-
increased utilization of the material;
-
manufacture of articles of various shapes and sizes, and for the individual parts do not require further machining, for the rest - its volumes are significantly reduced;
-
productivity of the production process of various products;
-
improvement in the mechanical properties of the alloys.
Metal Forming is widely used in the industrial complex of our country.This method produced the various body parts having a complex geometry and large dimensions.If necessary, if the present method of forming were not achieved the desired size, shape and surface quality, the next step is machining.If necessary to improve the performance properties of the finished product, then the final thermal treatment step is performed.
