There are some ways to the development of society as extensive and intensive.
In the first type of growth is achieved through the quantitative increase of factors of production in the existing technological base.For example, if there is a need to increase production, it is ensured by the entry of new businesses similar to already existing capacity, with equipment of the same quality equivalent to the number of employees and the level of their qualifications.This development has been slow, and it can not last indefinitely, because the resources are depleted over time.One will inevitably have to move to a new level.
intensive development path is in the opposite direction.This way implies an increase in the scale of production by improving the quality of its factors and the introduction of more efficient natural resources, improve the skills of workers, introduce new technologies, improve the organization of production.All this increases the return on all those involved in the production of resources.
With this approach to increase output of production do not resort to the construction of additional plants.Results are achieved due to renovation, modernization, re-equipment and improvement of the existing ways to use at the disposal of the enterprise resources.
In life, extensive and intensive way of development in its pure form is almost not observed.Typically, they are combined in certain proportions and combinations.Therefore, they say that society or the production develops mainly intensive or extensive way.
Economic development is determined by a number of factors.They can be divided into several groups:
- natural resources.Some countries have a greater degree of (the United States, China, Russia, etc.), Others - less;
- capital (the volume of investments in the economy);
- advantageous geographical position (it helps to extract revenues from other countries need to transport cargo through its territory);
- human resources, which are characterized by a certain level of education, health and industry;
- level of development of science and technology, which helps to accelerate the development of the economy.
intensive development today is directly related to the use of a computer, computer technology, high automation.All of this allows for increased productivity, its richness of content, save a lot of materials, raw materials and energy, while improving product quality.In such circumstances it is necessary to form a new attitude to work, to stimulate the expression of creativity in work and good attitude.
intensive path of development is closely linked with the concept of innovation.Also in this important and intensification - the process of accelerating the development of social production, which is based on more efficient use of the objects of labor, forms of work organization, in accordance with technical progress, with very full use of all the groups of factors of production.
most rapid pace of life characterized by the last third of the XX century by a particularly rapid pace of scientific progress.The interaction of science and industry has led to the emergence of high-end technologies.They provide a very efficient use of development implemented in the production processes.
Thus, in contrast to the direction of extensive, intensive development is characterized by qualitative changes in the factors of production, transfer of expanded reproduction to an entirely new technical basis.
