Management solution (UR) - is the product and the result of the management system, which is the analysis, economic feasibility, and you select from a variety of alternatives.Existing problems should be formalized, ie to quantify the characteristics of the difference between the planned and achieve a state of the entity, as well as a way to structure their "tree of goals."
Since resources for solving problems are always limited, it is necessary to rank them according to their importance, magnitude, urgency.
classification management solutions available on the following grounds:
- domain management system;
- the scope;
- the goal of SD;
- management level;
- the degree of the scale;
- method of preparation of the development of solutions;
- periods of validity;
- direction of action;
- ways of formalization;
- types of presentation;
- the level of complexity;
- Transmittal Form SD.
main factors that have an impact on the receiving ur: a scientific approach, modeling, computerized management, etc.
It should be noted that the classification and management decisions can be based on other grounds.For example, you can create a typology to classify or SD, depending on the personal characteristics of a leader.
types of administrative decisions largely depend on the personality of the manager, and therefore distinguish suspended, heuristic-spontaneous, risky, intuitive, based on reasoning and optimally rational.The manager can be hot-tempered character, or, on the contrary, calm, self-possessed, and it will imprint on its decisions.This is also a kind of classification of administrative decisions, depending on the personal characteristics of the manager.
Weighted UR usually taken by managers who are responsible for their activities, working hypotheses and their verification.Heuristic-spontaneous decisions are made by the authors, which can easily produce a variety of ideas in large numbers, but they are not able to test and evaluate.As a result, they are ill-founded and unreliable, taken impulsively, spontaneously.Wildcats SD characterized by the fact that their authors did not want to think carefully and to justify their hypotheses.Intuitive taken in a situation of choice, made only on the basis of the perception that it is correct.UR, which are based on reasoning and sometimes seem intuitive, since their logic is not entirely clear, they are taken in a situation of choice, due to the knowledge and personal experience.Rational UR based on economic analysis, methods of justification and optimization.
Classification of management decisions can be very diverse, there is a lot will depend on what will be taken for its basis.A base or criterion can serve as a field of activity where accepted SD, and the method of its development, and more.
analysis management solutions involves the use of scientific principles, which include:
- analysis and synthesis, suggesting differentiation phenomena, objects, phenomena and further their integration into a single entity in the relationship and interdependence;
- singling out the basic level, which implies setting goals, objectives and determining the methods for achieving them;
- comparing objects of analysis on their terms and conditions of use;
- timely and relevant analysis, which aims to reduce the time of execution of works through the implementation of efficient methods of work organization, encoding and decoding, computerization, improvement of its quality;
- formalization of the data implies: a quantitative description of the factors for the optimization of management alternatives;defining the relationships and dependencies between different parts of the control system;quantification of the level of uncertainty in management decisions.
