«Heavy you Monomakh!" - We often say, referring to the heavy burden of power, or any liability.Powered idiom is primarily concerned with people in leadership positions.Although no less frequently that phrase describe any difficult situation.How did this widespread expression?
Origin phraseologism
This idiom has a specific author.He is none other than Alexander Pushkin.It was he who in the tragedy "Boris Godunov" (stage "royal palace", a monologue of Boris Godunov) first used the said expression.
But the question immediately arises, what constitutes Monomakh?Idiom spread because each associated with said item of power and responsibility.It was the crown of Monomakh Moscow tsars, a symbol of their power.It is a golden spiky headdress made in the Central Asian style.Cap has the edge of sable fur, embroidered with pearls, emeralds, rubies and surmounted by a cross.
Monomakh (gr. "Edinoborets") - is the family name of the Byzantine emperors.In the ancient era, it was assigned to the Kievan prince Vladimir II (1053-1225 gg.), Who was the grandson of the Byzantine ruler Constantine IX Monomakh (1000-1055 gg.).Vladimir Monomakh were taken from their family Moscow kings, so the crown of the Grand became one of the main attributes of the power of the ruler of all Russia.An important element of the ceremony of accession to the throne was the hoisting of the head of the new ruler Cap of Monomakh.This rite is called "coronation."
However, during the time of Peter I's coronation rite was replaced the coronation ceremony.Therefore, instead of the archaic royal crown began to use the crown of the Russian Empire, which manufactures court jeweler in accordance with European traditions.
Mystery Cap of Monomakh
According to legend, in the 12th century.Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX gave the governor of Kiev Vladimir Monomakh said the royal crown.But many researchers are confident that described the story - just a beautiful legend.After Constantine IX died for 59 years before accession to the Kiev Vladimir Monomakh throne.In addition, many historians believe that the said tradition originated in the late 15th century.Then the legend of Moscow justified the succession of power of the kings of the Byzantine emperors.In addition, she served as a confirmation of the idea that Moscow was the "third Rome".
In the annals of Monomakh was first mentioned during the reign of Ivan Kalita (1283-1341 gg.).In fact, the first coronation took place on the Cap of Monomakh in 1498.Then the king of Moscow, Ivan III held a solemn ceremony of the coronation of his grandson Dimitri.
Argue scientists and about who was made famous royal crown.Some believe that over the Cap of Monomakh bother Byzantine masters.Others think that the cap produced Arab jewelers, and some even consider it a work of Bukhara.There is even a view that the future royal crown was handed over to Vladimir II Golden Horde Khan Uzbek.
