«Strela-10" is the pride of the Soviet military engineering.Anti-aircraft missile 9K35 set with indexing, also known as the American classification of SA-13 Gopher, was designed to investigate the airspace and destroy any suspicious objects at low altitudes.In subsequent years, the complex was repeatedly upgraded.
History
first such project with the support of the Soviet military CPSU was SAM "Strela-10 CB."The car was created on the basis of well-proven predecessor 9K31.The "Arrows-1" were taken all the advanced features and the rest thoroughly reworked to perfection.
In January 1973, began testing a new set of stringent conditions.First check SAM failed.Military Council decided to modify the model to the 9K35.So at the end of 1974 was born the "Strela-10".SAM (see photos. Below) passed all the field tests, the answer is yes to the question of whether to continue the project.The main drawback of the complex was renovated control system anti-aircraft missiles.According to research, the likelihood of accurately hitting a target at an altitude of 1500 m was about 60%.Similar results SAM shown on the shooting range and on a collision course over the entire area of the attack.In 1975, the missile was improved 9M31 and infrared guidance system.After the regular tests and checks on the reliability of "Strela-10" was put into service.In 1976 he established a wide production of new combat vehicles.
principle and purpose
SAM "Strela-10" 9K35 can operate in automatic mode.At the same time reception and processing of target designation takes manual control operators.Detection of enemy targets is done by finder offline.The attack is carried out only on targets in the visual vision of the complex.
SAM "Strela-10" is designed to protect the tank units and motorized rifle regiment and infantry forces and strategically important points from air threats in low altitudes.The combat operations may be carried out during the march, and even at the time of the change of the dislocation.One of the main advantages of the complex is the presence of the automatic evaluation of chips and blocking equipment from non-synchronous pulse interference.In the latest revision rocket 9M37M received a special head covering guidance system of the optical noise.Parent headquarters includes a radio station apparatus and reception targeting coordinates, remote control of the machine and equipment.
Performance characteristics
At SAM "Strela-10" TTX different mobility and the speed of reaction.Time of readiness to launch the projectile varies from 5 to 10 seconds, depending on climatic conditions.Reception target designation occurs in 3-5 seconds.The distortion of azimuth data to distances of 6 to 25 km is only 1.5 degrees.
also decent at SAM "Strela-10" characteristics of the firing range.The maximum distance to the target with the probability of injury to 99.5% is 5 km away.This altitude can vary from 25 to 3500 meters.On a collision course the speed of the rocket is about 1500 km / h, after - up to 1,100 km / h.In turn, detection of air objects are ranges of up to 12,000 m.
Translation installation of propulsion to combat position takes less than 20 seconds.A full recharge (4 missiles) is around 2-3 minutes.Minimize active military means takes 3 min.Obschaya mass SAM "Strela-10" - 12.3 tons. The car can reach speeds of movement on the ground to 61.5 km / h, afloat - to 6 km / h.
The complex
main component of SAM "Strela-10" is a fighting machine Series 9A35.It was created on the basis of the mobile base MT-LB.The modernization has increased the ammunition that instead of 4 SAM to install and 4 more spare rockets in the cargo compartment.Improvement has undergone pointing mechanism and equipment.Now, the complex was protected by a 7.62-mm machine gun that is connected to the onboard electric equipment.
noteworthy that the SAM has an extremely low pressure on the surface of the soil, so it can move freely on the highway, marsh, sand, snow and water.Chassis based on the torsion bar suspension that gives the car a more smooth running and maneuverability.Thanks to this solution at times increases the accuracy and durability of the salvo launcher.On the ergonomic base does not affect spare equipment and oborudovanie.Otsenka zone actions performed analysis system 9S86.This equipment is designed for the detection of targets, determine its position and calculation errors to launch missiles.For the analysis of a range of military operations corresponds to a special electronic telemeter.
Armament complex
main submunitions SAM "Strela-10" are solid missiles 9M37 anti-aircraft type.The shell is constructed on a "duck."Homing head operates in two channels, thus ensuring optimal control of the proportional method.The first SAM is trying to reach the goal in the photo mode, the contrast.If this method did not give results, then head reprogrammed on infrared navigation.This makes it possible to respond to the same mobile will catch up and counter aim.
for cooling chips rocket uses liquid nitrogen, which is stored in special containers, sewn into the body.This prevents early spontaneous ignition fuse.In the event of failure of one of the modes of guidance purpose hand navigation takes the operator, which sends data to the missile radar.Over speed SAM meet special ailerons fixed behind the wings.They are limited angular rotation of the projectile.It is worth noting that the 9M37 warhead equipped with an automatic and contact fuses.With this missile self-destructs in the case of a miss.
Major modifications
first variation of the complex has been improved SAM "Strela-10M."Indexing installation - 9K35M.A characteristic feature of the model was the presence of missiles targeting the new heads.The system now selects the object location for the destruction of the availability of the trajectory.This reduced the risk of falling into the trap interference.
Model "Strela-10 M2" received a revised combat system.The aim of the modernization was to increase the efficiency and automation of the hammer.Now targeting came from the battery and CP-12M air defense system.The data confirm the radar, processed and acted on percussion receiver.It was also decided on the sides of the car to fix the polyurethane floats.
Modification "Strela-10 M3" was put into service in 1989.Here refinement touched only on-board equipment.Model with the letter "M4" received a complete set of advanced automatic capture, scanning unit, thermal imaging systems and sensors tracking purposes. "Strela-10 T" is a variant of the Belarusian plant.The development of NGOs engaged in "Tetrahedron".As a result of the modernization of avionics replenished 1TM optical system, new navigation equipment and improved computing digital chip.
is worth noting that over the years has repeatedly been modified and missiles.The latest version of the missile, suitable for complex "Strela-10" became 9M333.The main difference from previous models was the 3-mode guidance system with enhanced protection from interference.
Combat application
SAM has repeatedly been used to quell local conflicts in Angola during the civil war.According to preliminary data, at the disposal of the Armed Forces of the African countries were about a dozen military vehicles.
also "Strela-10" is one of the main weapons in the war for the Persian Gulf in 1991.SAM actively participated in the operation "Desert Storm."The use of anti-aircraft complex gave Iraq a slight advantage in the air prostranstve.V recently complexes were involved only in the civil conflict in Ukraine near the LC and the DNI.
Exports
In service of the Russian Federation is about 500 original and modified versions of the "Strela-10".
As for exports, there is the first place is Belarus.At its disposal is about 350 9K35.India is in second place with 250 complexes.Ukraine occupies the third position with 150 air defense missile system.
also among the countries that regularly buy from Russian 9K35, appear, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Angola, Yemen, Cuba, Macedonia, Slovakia, Syria, Libya, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, the Czech Republic, Serbia and others.
