first state in which established a fascist regime, was Italy.Here I was born the system.In this country, it began the history of fascism.
state is in a specific political, social and economic difficulties.Arose in the 19th century, these problems have been exacerbated by the First World.As one of the victorious countries, Italy has more than other nations exhausted by the war.The crisis has been in the industry, the financial system and agriculture.No country in the world has there been such poverty and unemployment.
Italian fascism began to blossom at the end of the war.Began to form the first organization with the appropriate control system.
Despite some setbacks, Italy was one of the winners in the war.As a result of the battles the country has received from the Trieste and Istria South Tyrol.Government of the country had to give up in favor of the Dalmatian coast of Yugoslavia, and the city risks (Fiume) was declared free.It should be noted that the public was dissatisfied with such behavior of the Allied countries and expected instability of the Italian government.
Against nationalist sentiment leadership did not dare to intervene in the occupation of Fiume by Italian troops led by Gabriele D'Annunzio (the soldiers did not obey the order to retreat).For sixteen months soldaty- "Blackshirts" hosted in the city.Since Italian fascism with all its elements began to develop rapidly.
political style based D'Annunzio, Mussolini took a sample.Its last movement combines the National Fascist Party.Over a relatively short period of Mussolini managed to form a mass movement, by 1921, there were about two hundred thousand participants ("Blackshirts").
Italian fascism had militarized appearance that attracts not only the former socialists together with the nationalists, but also young people and war veterans.All these people saw in the new movement the only force that could radically solve not only national, but personal problems of the population.
political tactics that evolve Italian fascism, essentially facilitated the transition World War in civil strife.
country's leadership not only did not interfere with the action of the new party, but rather encouraged them in every way.Mode of fascism was the patronage of the powerful Confederation of Unions of landlords and industrialists.
In 1921, October 27, on the orders of Mussolini's march on Rome began.Although the "Blackshirts" were virtually no armed police and the country's leaders again decided not to intervene in the situation.
place to prevent the coup, the king of Italy, Mussolini appointed prime minister.
In 1924, April 5, in the parliamentary elections the Italian Fascist Party, together with the Liberals (in the list) has received almost two thirds of the seats.On the one hand the power of Mussolini was based on the post of head of the King entrusted the government, on the other - on the subordinate to him as leader, a single party.
From October 1925 began the establishment of fascist organizations in Italy.These corporations put an end to the free trade union movement.The country was founded twenty-two organizations (in line with the industry).
After the establishment of "corporate failure" Mussolini could easily get rid of the remnants of the Parliament.After that, the Chamber of fascist corporations and organizations.
since November have been published, "the higher laws of fascism."These acts significantly expanded the power of Mussolini by expanding the powers of the government, dominated entirely by the new system.
By the beginning of 1928 a new law on elections.In accordance with the "Big Board fascists" was one list of candidates.Voters could reject or accept it as a whole.Finally, in Italy the whole parliamentary system was replaced by the dictatorship.
