It is a fairly common plant in the temperate zone of Central Europe, Austria from the west to the east of Yugoslavia.It grows on clay soils, sometimes on limestone rocks in the mountainous areas, giving preference to the southern slopes.Pretty impressive conifer, looks especially good in the Austrian black pine youth.Ten years it has a wide conical crown, which are arranged symmetrically with sturdy branches.At fifteen tree crone already spreading, it has the shape of an umbrella.But at any age, it is very picturesque and attracts attention.
Appearance
Evergreen beauty in her youth is growing rapidly, with growth rates are slowing, but still in an average year it grows up to 40 cm in height and grows to 20 cm in width.Depending on the living conditions of black pine has a height of 20 to 45 meters.Her thick bark with deep fissures, covered with gray-black scales, which have a beautiful decorative effect.
needles and fruits
leaf blades in the form of bundles of needles arranged in pairs.They are solid, hard and prickly.The length is up to 16 centimeters.Their color is special - a deep dark green from a distance seemingly black.It was he who gave the tree its name - black pine.The needles are kept for a long time - 4-5 years, sometimes even 8. The fruits of this tree are the cones.Dark brown on the color and symmetrical in form, they are from 5 to 9 centimeters long, making its decorative pine even more beautiful.
undemanding lover sun
Pine S THE light-loving plants, so hard to tolerate shade, may even die.The roots of the tree are extremely strong and are growing at a greater depth, which helps it to withstand any force winds.Black pine taxing on the soil, grows well on dry and wet, in acidic or poor substrates.In the Mediterranean, it grows even on dry and devoid of humus limestone.The main requirement for the soil - good drainage.
Features
Black pine has some great qualities, which help it to adapt to any conditions.Chief among them are:
- wind resistance;
- frost;
- tolerates summer heat and drought.
tree so undemanding that easily tolerates air pollution and can develop in the urban environment.Possible decorative molding.
use
In Western Europe, the black pine planted in the artificial forests, since 1759.It is considered a promising tree park, as well as Scots pine Fastigiata.With these pyramidal pines create a majestic avenue in recreational areas.They are also great addition to any landscape composition.Thanks to the original crown and dark green needles of these trees are well combined with fir, spruce and Douglas.Excellent composition obtained from hardwood.In Russia, the pine is known since 1833 and is used mainly as a rare and amazingly beautiful plant.Got her and practical application: planted to deter sands in the south Russian steppe zone.
