most spectacular and a major representative of the family Nymphalidae is the order Lepidoptera butterfly NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA.This Flyers, widely spread throughout Eurasia, with the exception of the tropics, not only on the territory of the Mediterranean states, but at the same time, some birds fly to the tundra area.Once imported to America NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA has spread from Canada to Mexico.For unknown reasons, in the forties of the XX century the number of individuals NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA sharply decreased.In this regard, in 1997, she was included in the Red Book of the Smolensk region in the third category, which includes species common in limited areas, threatened with extinction in the event of changes in natural or man-made conditions.
Appearance
NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA - Butterfly, which received its name because of its color.Her coloring is stored so that leaves a great impression for many years.Most precisely what looks like a butterfly NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA, described STAksakov.Brilliant covered a lot of pollen color, velvet dark brown, coffee, and at a certain angle and dark purple wings are trimmed with white or yellow toothed rim which is lined with bright blue spots.Butterfly Wingspan reaches 7-10 cm. Like all Nymphalidae mouth butterflies is the proboscis, which folds into the spiral unfolds when the butterfly feeds.Its front legs are short, they are no claws.
origin of the name
Carl Linnaeus, knowing looks like a butterfly NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA, gave her in 1758 title antiopa, in honor of the heroine of the tragedy by Euripides, which tells of the suffering and troubles that hit Antiope - the daughter of the Theban king Nikteya, seduced by Zeus, the satire appears in the image, and bore him twins married to epic.
studying NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA, scientists have paid attention to the influence of external temperatures that prevail during the pupal development of the subsequent color intensity of insect wings.Depending on the climatic conditions of their habitat, there are differences in what looks like a butterfly NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA - dark wing color, reduces the size of the blue spots, changes in the density of the black border of the deposition.So, overwintered butterflies emitted from wintering sites in early spring border has almost white color.However, this does not apply to the butterflies spend the winter in the East - they have a yellow border.In July-September, the new generation NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA, pupa that develops in the warm season, edging bright yellow.
Development
In June, the female lays up to 100 eggs.Caterpillars hatch in June-July, and held tight until the period of pupation groups.That looks like a butterfly NYMPHALIS ANTIOPA being in the caterpillar stage, familiar to many.Black with white dots and small bright red spots (7 pieces) between the spikes often caterpillar crawling on leaves of birch, alder, maple, ash and other plants that are their food.Stage of pupa is about 11 days.Butterfly feeds primarily sap of trees, so it can often be found on the birches in intensive sokoobrazovaniya.
