Coming up or count, with no specific details, it is impossible.No economist, calculates the consumer basket, nor a journalist, cooking sensation, nor a poet writing about love.Users can not create and read in a vacuum.
Gathering information - a human activity aimed at the search for the required information.
can collect compromising information, statistics, marketing, technical, etc.
For each sector the collection of information will have their peculiarities.For example, in order to develop social protection programs need specific information about that can be found in various sources.Therefore, methods of collecting social information divided into the following:
- sample.It applies when there is no need or impossible to complete the study.It allows a small amount of material to draw conclusions about the population as a whole.
- analysis documents.This collection of information helps to identify the dynamics, growth trends, changes in a particular process, society phenomenon.
- Observation.It involves the purposeful, systematic recording of social facts, which are supposed to check.This collection of information has the advantage of the behavior and actions of people can be seen directly in the time they were committed, and not indirectly, as it is in the process of sampling and analysis of documents.
- Poll.It allows you to identify the views, attitudes, ideas, system of values of a certain group of people.It can take the form of interviews or questionnaires.In the first case, the interviewer is working with one person asking him questions prepared in advance.The second work is being done with several people at the same time they answer the questions previously prepared questionnaire, offering answers.
- archival research.Such information-gathering needs no comment.
- experiment.In sociology, it is possible in the laboratory to study only a limited group of people.Placed in unusual conditions, guinea may not behave as in reality.Nevertheless, the experiment allows us to study changes in the various components of the overall result.
Methods of gathering information in journalism differ from the sociological.First of all, the journalist should define the purpose of their research.Keep in mind that journalism is the accumulation of data compilation methods of study, the identity of the journalist, his experience, professional ethics and human morality.The collection of information in journalism, as opposed to social practices is always a creative process.The journalist can do:
- Communicative data collection (it refers to the interview, interviews, surveys).
- non-communicative (observation (implicit or explicit), work with the sources, documents, etc.).
- analytical (systematic or comparative analysis, modeling, inductive or deductive method).
Whichever method is chosen journalist, he should remember that in the result will necessarily affect the purpose of data collection, ability, experience.
