What is the natural community, or, scientifically, biocenosis?The very phrase implies a team where all members influence each other, mutually dependent and interact.But what does this term mean in nature?Just as in human society, plants, animals, birds and insects are related to each other the term "food chain."Let's take a very simple example: on the grass grow;in search of grain to come mouse and dig their burrows in the ground.They hunt snakes that also settle in the field.Eagles do not disdain any rodents nor vipers and circling over the field, looking for sustenance.
Thus, we begin to answer the question of what is a natural community.Thus it is necessary to mention that the concept of ecological community is difficult.It also includes elements of inanimate nature - soil, humidity, terrain and climate.At first glance it seems that plants and animals can not have an impact on such a global thing as climatic features of the terrain.For the past are directly dependent on the latitude and altitude.Of course, one pine "weather will not do", but the dense forest of its cool shade presents a stark contrast adjacent meadow where the air is trembling from the heat.On the wood humidity-wet vacuum is also influenced.Therefore, if a person planned to drain the swamp, he plants them certain species of plants.
Defining, that such natural communities, can not forget that biocenoses - dynamic formation.They may vary.So, if you change the channel of the river from oxbow Ozerets formed swamps.Those turned into meadows, and even field, in turn, covered with bushes and trees.Throughout this metamorphosis, which lasts for about a hundred years, there is a complete change in the flora and fauna of the area.Man also contributes - parks is nothing else but an artificially created, anthropogenic biocenoses.
In each system has its own inhabitants.In the desert, there are only about a dozen species.Coral reef several hundred species of fish, mollusks, crustaceans, sponges and corals.And all of them - from the simplest plankton to sharks - to play a role in the life of this complex macro-organism, which is a natural community.Forest - a very good example of how the inhabitants of the thicket maintain the balance of the ecosystem.Trees growing on gray soils saturated with minerals from their fallen leaves.Insects, which we refer to as "pests", are a valuable food for wild birds.Even predators destroy only the sick and weak animals, thereby maintaining the gene pool of production.
natural communities "meadow» is also to some extent a closed ecosystem, although it go inhabitants of the forests and steppes.But animals such as gopher and saiga antelope, as well as plants and Kipchak feather, found only in the steppes.All these biocenoses - tundra, taiga, forest, meadows, lakes, seas, deserts and semi-deserts, jungle, alpine meadows and alpine zone lichens and mosses - interact with each other and form a single living shell of the planet Earth - the biosphere.
in environmental protection is very important to understand what a natural community.And I realize that all its inhabitants, without exception, are helpful to maintain the delicate balance of this ecosystem .The disappearance of just one species can lead to a domino effect throughout the irreversible changes biocenosis.Suffice it to recall, which has led to the war with sparrows in China era of Mao Tse Tung: then uncontrollably increased locust population.
