the early 1920s was marked by the emergence of a new world power in the political arena - the USSR.The first Constitution of the USSR was adopted after 2 years after the creation of the Soviet Union.
The first code of laws of the new state was signed in January 1924.It was then at the Second Congress of Soviets adopted the first Constitution of the USSR, which legislate dictatorship of the proletariat.
also the first basic law reflected the cosmopolitan lifestyle of the Soviet Union and a strong base of Soviet power.It is worth noting that the first Constitution of the USSR was adopted by foreign powers without any contradictions.
What precipitated the creation of this body of law?As you know, the first Congress of Soviets approved the Declaration on the establishment of the Soviet Union, and in January 1923, exactly one year before the adoption of the first Constitution, was established six committees to develop and prepare the text of the Laws of the future.The first constitution has the following structure:
- first section: the Declaration on Education of the Soviet Union;
- second section: the Treaty establishing the Soviet Union.
first section described the principles of joining the Soviet Union in other republics.The principles were the following: voluntariness and equality.
In addition to these principles, the Constitution expressly states the possibility of the world revolution, the division of the world into two camps: the capitalist and the socialist camp.The second section of the Constitution of the USSR included 11 chapters, which are approved by the coat of arms, flag and capital of the Soviet Union, the rights of sovereign republics, the provisions of the executive committee, the Bureau and other authorities.
first Constitution of the USSR had the following exceptional items of reference:
- foreign policy and trade;
- development of basic laws;
- management / planning of the state budget and the economy;
- questions of war / peace.
second USSR Constitution was adopted 12 years later and lasted until 1977.
It had its own name: "Stalin Constitution" or "the Constitution of victorious socialism."As proclaimed a new document of the Soviet Union?Firstly, he said that in the USSR won socialism.Secondly, confirmed the destruction of private property and the introduction of equal universal suffrage.Oddly enough, but the Constitution of 1936 granted people freedom of the press, of assembly, speech and meetings, and the inviolability of privacy of correspondence.Representatives of all public and state institutions under the Constitution of 1936 was the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.It should be noted that until 1977 the day the Constitution is the 5th of December - this day was celebrated as a holiday, all the people.In 1962, Khrushchev was a commission for the revision of the basic law of the country.
first Constitution of the USSR was published in early 1924.She was the first code of laws of the new state, a new superpower.But her story was very small: only 12 years first Soviet Constitution has supreme legal force in the Soviet Union, and then was reviewed and canceled.
