To better understand what accounting is necessary to get acquainted with the concept of financial accounting, which is an essential part of conducting the accounting documentation.Translation of the word "accountant" from German literally means "the owner of the book."That is, a book containing a list of regularly filled documents that reflect the current state of the company or organization in terms of money.The second part is the tax accounting, which is based on the financial.
Financial Accounting
Accounting Financial Accounting - a collection, ordering and generalization of the registered information on the financial status of the organization or enterprise, the state of his property, conducting financial transactions and obligations to the tax, social bodies and private enterprises.All financial statements is filled continuously.Each record must be attached confirming the monetary operation instruments: checks, money orders, receipts and so on. D.
History of accounting
Various historical sources indicate that the accounting arose more than six thousand years ago, as a practical consideration moneymeans.Accountant or bookkeeper, since ancient times been the most respected professions.And no wonder.After all, without the proper organization of the account can not be a successful operation of any organization or enterprise in each state at any of its device.Only competently delivered financial records makes it possible to properly calculate and pay taxes.
Throughout history, there was a gradual development and formation of principles and rules for accounting of cash transactions.It made a lot of discoveries, using different forms of accounting in trade and agriculture.During the appearance of the first factories accounting was the strongest development.As a science, accounting financial accounting, there is only the last hundred years.
Objectives of Financial Accounting
The systematic record keeping movement of funds is necessary:
- collect and systematize the only reliable data, documented, on the financial activities of the organization or company.Provide leadership and their founders;and, at the request of the Directorate, creditors, partners and investors;in the form of reporting statistics, tax authorities, and so on. etc .;
- provide leadership quality financial information for the proper compliance with the Russian legislation in the implementation of various business operations;
- monitor the presence, movement and depreciation of existing property owned by the company, and clever use of material, money, job resources, according to the norms approved by the Russian legislation;
- identify possible hidden financial and economic potential of the enterprise, as well as to predict the financial transactions in order to prevent errors and negative consequences in the enterprise.
Obligation of accounting
Financial Accounting must now carry a mandatory all businesses and organizations that are on the territory of Russia, adhering strictly regulated form and in accordance with the Russian legislation.Mandatory financial accounting also applies to foreign representative offices and branches from the registration of foreign organizations as a legal entity for the entire period until their work will be carried out prior to their reorganization or liquidation.
Financial Accounting and Auditing
Financial Accounting and auditing of funds have a close relationship.The audit authorities monitoring is conducted to verify the accuracy of reporting cash flows of the company for a specific period.Also verify the compliance forms the basis of existing regulations in the Russian Federation.
