term "military rank" means the position occupied by military personnel in the army and navy against other soldiers.Any title presupposes that its bearer of rights and duties that are governed by the laws and military regulations.
Military ranks appeared, disappeared, were modified with the development of a state and society.By studying their history, you can learn a lot about the development of the armed forces of a State.
first title appeared in Russia even in the XII-XIII centuries., Although the military they can be called a stretch.Most often they are designated any administrative position.Under the influence of the Tatar-Mongol Rus ranks appear such as desyatsky, constables, tysyatsky, but they exist not in all the principalities and designated a chief over this or that number of people.By the way, they later became successful enough to use the same Cossacks.
The first truly ranks Russia can be traced to 1647, when Alexis was adopted by the country's first military regulations.This legislation was necessary because by this time, along with the traditional host of the increasingly important role in the country's defense started to play the archers and the so-called "shelf of the new system."All ranks of this Charter were divided into two categories - the ordinary and the constable, which are essentially resemble today's officers.Here we entrenched already in use by this time the rank of Colonel, polupolkovnik, Lieutenant.At the end of the XVII century in the Russian army are beginning to use the title of brigadier general and, in parallel with polupolkovnikom begins to be applied and more familiar to us rank - lieutenant colonel.
an important role in the process of ordering the military ranks in the Russian army played the introduction in 1722 by Peter the Table of Ranks.According to this document introduces a clear list of titles is tied to specific positions.It is worth noting that in the table includes only the military ranks, starting with the chief officer, the lower ranks were regulated by the relevant statutes.
An important feature of the Russian army was that obtained in the Guards rank considered two notches higher than that obtained in conventional military units.This situation prevailed until 1884, when all the Russian military ranks were equaled in his position.
also a few privileged were gunners, the title of which until 1884 were considered one notch higher than that of conventional compounds.It was connected with special requirements that apply to the level of knowledge of those who served in these forces.
Military ranks of the Soviet Union in the first years after the October Revolution were a combination of command posts, and so-called "official categories": the brigade commander, commander, squadron commander, corps commander.Only in 1935 the military ranks, with some exceptions, have been restored in the form in which they have been in Czarist Russia.However, some of them began to sound different: for example, instead of the highest military rank of field marshal of the country became Marshal of the Soviet Union.
Before the outbreak of war with Germany in 1940, all the command posts were finally replaced by the generals and the admiral rank, which was to symbolize the transition of the Soviet armed forces to a new level.
Military ranks of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War have undergone minor changes: in parts of the Guard was used prefix "Guard", were the marshals and the chief marshals various types of troops (armored, artillery, aviation).In addition, in 1945 there was a new highest rank - Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, which was awarded to Stalin.
Military ranks of the Soviet Union became the basis for the titles in the modern Russian army.At the same time, as a result of the latter at the moment of military reform were eliminated ranks and warrant officers.The title of the junior lieutenant, even though there is virtually no assigned.
