Static electricity is a set of events in which there is maintained and weakened free electric charge.It can occur on isolated conductors on the surface or in the bulk dielectric.
friction that occurs when contact between two different kinds of substances, leading to the electrification of dielectrics.This is due to different molecular and atomic forces.We can say that static electricity is obtained in violation of the balance due to the acquisition or loss of electrons.
explain the process very simple.The state of equilibrium is achieved in the presence of an atom of the same number of protons and electrons.Moving from one atom to another, electrons form positive and negative ions.With their imbalance and there is static electricity.
Protons and electrons have the same electric charge, but with a different polarity.It is measured in Coulombs, and determines the amount of electricity that passes for 1 sec.a cross-section of the conductor.Static charge is directly proportional to the number of unstable ions, ie the deficit or surplus of electrons.
capable of generating static electricity.This is due to lack of positive ion of a single electron, so that it can take particles from the negative free electron.In turn, the negative ion may be an atom or molecule having a large number of electrons.In these cases, there is a single electron which is able to neutralize the positive charge.
main reasons punishable by static electricity are:
- remote or contact between two materials;
- rapid temperature changes;
- UV-radiation, the strong electric field, X-X-rays;
- operations performed by cutting (Cutting machines or paper cutting machines);
- guidance, that is, the emergence of the electric field caused by a static charge.
phenomenon called static electricity, is found everywhere in the home.Electrostatic discharge occurs at very high voltages, but at low currents.Thus there is no danger to humans.
Despite this, the ESD protection is needed, as it can be dangerous for many electrical items.From him very often suffer transistors, microprocessors, circuits, etc.Working with radio-electronic components, you must take action and prevent the accumulation of static charge.
immediate danger exists for lightning, resulting in the formation of storm clouds.Cloud due to the movement of air streams that are saturated with water vapor may form electrical discharges.Also, such discharges often occur between charged clouds and the ground.In this case, need to be protected from static electricity in the form of lightning.They are able to carry out discharge directly into the ground.In addition to lightning, storm cloud creates a dangerous electrical potentials on isolated metal objects because of electrostatic induction.
Mild electric shocks resulting from the various manifestations of the static electricity, at first glance harmless, but it is not so.This phenomenon can conceal a great danger as there is a spark capable of causing ignition.Static electricity and protection from it - these are two concepts that should be known to everyone, because out of ignorance happen sometimes serious trouble.
At home and at work is necessary to prevent the occurrence of such a variety of electricity.To this should be carried out regularly wet cleaning.Flammable liquid - is another serious threat.They must be used in well ventilated areas, which can partially prevent static electricity (and protection from it in such a case, you are almost guaranteed).Use when working with liquids such natural clothing, grounding rotating machinery, and only metal containers for the storage of liquids that could quickly ignite.
