Glory to them who are not afraid to leave a warm and cozy home, hospitable table and went into the unknown, risking their lives, with only one purpose - to know the secret, or others closer to its unraveling.
However, not all campaigns have ended successfully.Many expeditions were inexplicably lost.Some people did not manage to find, found the remains of the others do not shed light on the causes of their death, giving more puzzles than answers.
Many of the missing expedition and today are the subject of the investigation, as inquisitive minds haunt strange circumstances of their disappearance.
In the wake of the lost Arctic expedition
One of the first in the sad list of the missing Franklin expedition listed.Research in the Arctic was the root cause of the equipment of the expedition in 1845. She was supposed to survey the unknown portion of the Northwest Passage, which lies between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans in temperate latitudes, the length of about 1670 km and complete opening of the unknown arctic regions.The expedition was headed by an officer of the British fleet - 59-year-old John Franklin.By this time he was involved in three expeditions to the Arctic, two of which he chaired.John Franklin expedition is carefully prepared, already had experience of the polar explorer.Together with the crew he ships "Erebus" and "Terror" (with a displacement of about 378 tons and 331 tons respectively) went from the English port Grinhayt May 19.
history of missing Franklin expedition
Both ships were well-equipped and adapted for navigation in ice, a lot has been provided for the convenience and comfort of the crew.It was loaded into the hold of a large supply of provisions for up to three years.Biscuits, flour, salted pork and beef, canned meat, stocks of lemon juice against scurvy - all measured in tons.But, as it turned out later, canned food, which is cheap expedition put an unscrupulous producer Steven Goldner, and proved to be of poor quality, by the assumption of some researchers, it was one of the causes of death of many sailors from the Franklin expedition.
the summer of 1845 the relatives of the crew received a few letters.In a letter sent Osmer, saving with the "Erebus", said to have been waiting for their return to their homeland in 1846.In 1845, captains of whalers Robert Martin Dunnett told about the meeting with the two ships of the expedition, awaiting the right conditions to cross the Strait of Lancaster.Captains were the last Europeans to see live John Franklin and his expedition.In the following years, 1846 and 1847 are no longer heard from the expedition were reported, 129 of its members were gone forever.
Searches
first search group on the trail of the missing ship was sent by his wife of John Franklin only in 1848 In addition to the search of ships the Admiralty famous explorer in 1850, joined the side of the ship thirteen: eleven of them belonged to Britain, and two -America.
After long persistent search squads managed to find some traces of the expedition three graves of the dead sailors, cans branded Goldner.Later, in 1854, John Rae, an English physician and traveler, were found traces of the expedition members on the territory of present-day Canadian province of Nunavut.According to the Eskimos, the people who came to the mouth of the tank, starved to death, and among them were cases of cannibalism.
In 1857 the widow of Franklin after futile attempts to persuade the government to send a search team once she sends an expedition to find at least some traces of the missing husband.In total, in the search for John Franklin and his team participated in 39 polar expeditions, some of which were framed at the expense of his wife.In 1859, members of the next expedition, led by an officer, William Hobson, find a written message of the death of John Franklin June 11, 1847 in a pyramid of stones.
reasons for the death of Franklin expedition
Long 150 years was known that the "Erebus" and "Terror" were jammed with ice, and the team, forced to leave the ship, trying to reach the Canadian coast, but the harsh arctic nature is likely to survive no one left.
Today the courageous John Franklin and his expedition to inspire artists, writers, script writers to create works that tell about the lives of the characters.
Riddles Siberian taiga
Secrets Lost Expedition do not cease to reopen the minds of our contemporaries.In today's progressive time when a man stepped into space, looked into the depths of the sea, he revealed the secret of the atomic nucleus, remain unexplained, many mysterious events that happen to a man on the ground.These are some of the mysteries of the lost expedition in the Soviet Union, most of which remains mysterious tourist group Dyatlov.
huge territory of our country with its enigmatic Siberian taiga, ancient Ural mountains, dividing the continent into two parts of the world, numerous tales of treasures hidden in the bowels of the earth, has always attracted inquiring minds of researchers.Missing expedition in the forest - a tragic part of our history.No matter how the Soviet authorities tried to hide and downplay the tragedy perished information about entire teams, gathering rumors and legends implausible, reaching the people.
unexplained circumstances of the death of Igor Dyatlov and his expedition
with the name of the mountain Holat-Sjahyl (which translates as the "Mountain of the Dead"), located in the northern part of the Urals, is connected one unsolved mystery related to the missing expedition inTHE USSR.Residents in these areas Mansi peoples knowingly gave a ridge ominous name: here many times disappeared without a trace or were killed for unknown reasons, people or groups (usually consisting of 9 persons).Unexplained tragedy happened on the mountain during the night from 1 to 2 February 1959.
And this story began with the fact that on January 23 a detachment of nine Sverdlovsk tourists, led by Igor Dyatlov, went to a planned ski jump, the complexity of which belong to the highest category, and the length was 330 kilometers.Again nine!Is it a coincidence or a fatal inevitability?After all, the 22-day trek originally were supposed to go 11, but one of them for good reasons refused in the beginning, and the other, Yury Yudin, went camping, but along the way fell ill and was forced to return home.It saved his life.
final composition of the group of five students, three graduates of the Ural Polytechnic Institute instructor camp site.Of the nine members - two girls.All tourists expedition were experienced skiers and had the experience of living in extreme conditions.
aim squad skiers was Otorten ridge that from Mansi language translated warning "do not go there."The ill-fated February night squad has equipped camp on one of the slopes Holat-Sjahyl;top of the mountain was at a distance of three hundred meters, and Mount Otorten - 10 km.In the evening, when the band was preparing for dinner and was engaged in design of the newspaper "Evening Otorten" was something inexplicable and horrifying.What could frighten children and why they fled in panic from a cut on the inside of the tent, it is unclear to this day.During the investigation it was found that the tourists left the tent in a hurry, some do not even have time to put on shoes.
What happened to the expedition Dyatlova?
At the appointed time a group of skiers did not return and did not manifested itself.Native children raised the alarm.They began to apply to the schools, to the camp and the police station, demanding to start the search operation.
February 20 when all the waiting periods have expired, the leadership of Polytechnic Institute has been sent to the first group in search of the missing expedition Dyatlov.Soon to be followed by other units will be involved police and military structures.Just twenty-fifth day of the search brought some results: the tent was found, cut to the side, it - pristine things, and near the site of an overnight stay - the bodies of five people whose death was caused by hypothermia.All tourists were huddled up against the cold positions, one of them was recorded brain injury.In two - traces of nasal bleeding.Why the tent ran out barefoot and scantily clad people could not or did not want to return to it?The question still remains a mystery.
After several months of searching on the snowy banks of the river Lozvy were found four corpses members of the expedition.Each of them were found broken limbs and damage to internal organs, skin was orange and purple.The corpse of a girl found in a strange position - she was on her knees in the water and she did not have the language.
Subsequently, the entire group was buried in Sverdlovsk in the Mikhailovsky cemetery in a common grave, and the place of their death is indicated by a plaque with the names of the dead and screaming inscription "There were nine."Unconquered Pass group has since become known as Dyatlov Pass.
Unanswered Questions
What happened to the expedition Dyatlova?Until now only exist numerous versions and assumptions.Some researchers blame for the death squad as evidence of UFOs and quoted eyewitnesses of the appearance of the night at the Mountain of the Dead yellow fireballs.State weather station also recorded unknown "spherical objects" in the area of the death of a small group.
In another version of the guys came to the ancient Aryan underground treasure, what killed her custodians.
There are versions in which the missing expedition Dyatlova died in connection with the testing of various weapons (from the atomic to the vacuum) with alcohol poisoning, with a kick of the ball lightning, with the attack the bear and snowman with avalanches.
official version
In May 1959 was made an official conclusion about the death of the expedition Dyatlov.It indicates its cause: a kind of force of nature, which is to overcome the guys could not.The culprit was never found.By the decision of the First Secretary of Kirilenko case was closed, strictly classified and transferred to the archive with the prescription not to destroy it to special order.
After 25 years of storage, all closed criminal cases destroyed.However, "It Dyatlova" at the end of the period of limitation and left lying on the dusty shelves.
Lost schooner "Saint Anna"
In 1912, the schooner "Saint Anna" set sail around Scandinavia, and lost.Only 2 years later we walk back to the mainland navigator and sailor A.Kondar V.Albanov.Last withdrew into himself, dramatically changed the type of activity and never with anyone not wish to discuss what happened with the schooner.Albani in contrast, said that the winter 1912 "Saint Anna" frozen into the ice, and it has suffered in the Arctic Ocean.In January 1914 14 people from the team captain Brusilov received permission to go ashore and on their own to get to civilization.On the road 12 killed.Albanov developed a storm of activity, trying to organize a search icebound schooner.However, the ship Brusilov was never found.
other missing expedition
Many swallowed Arctic: aeronauts led Swedish scientist André Salomon, Kara expedition under V. Rusanov, Scott's team.
other missing expedition of the 20th century related to the tragic and mysterious circumstances of the death of the Golden City paititi seekers in the vast jungles of the Amazon.For solving this mystery were organized 3 scientific expedition in 1925 - under the leadership of the British military surveyor and Forseti in 1972 - Franco-British team of Bob Nichols in 1997 - Norwegian Cruise anthropologist Havksholla.All of them have disappeared without trace.Particularly striking extinction in 1997 when the technical equipment of the expedition was at the highest level.They could not find!Local say that everyone who is looking for the Golden City will be destroyed Uachipayri tribe - Indians, who guard the secret of the city.
lost expedition ... Something mysterious and sinister lies in these words.These expeditions were fitted out and sent to solve a problem or explain to the world what kind of a puzzle, but the disappearance was for their contemporaries and descendants unfathomable mystery.
