1815 - a time when Poland disappeared from the political map of Europe.The territorial division of the Vienna Congress, which lasted until 1914.The First World War brought about changes.As a result of the Treaty of Versailles returned to the country's sovereignty over most of the native Polish lands, but to stop there is not collected.The government's plans include a full recovery of the territory.
Nicholas II in his own way was looking at the future of the Polish people.In August 1914, the Russian government announced its desire to unite the Poles and recreating the Polish state within the borders of the independent Kingdom of Poland under the patronage of the Russian Emperor.
In 1916 it was proclaimed the existence of the Kingdom of Poland, but without specifying the territorial boundaries.A little later, it was created by the Polish Provisional Council of State.Russia, in turn, announced the establishment of an independent Poland, including territories which before the war were part of the Russian Empire.
In early 1917, Czar Nicholas II abdicates.Thus, the country has established a dual power in the face of the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet.It is the latter, in March of that year, adopted a declaration on the right of peoples to self-determination.The interim government has confirmed the need for the formation of an independent Polish state.
In November 1918, Pilsudski alerted all countries, except the Russian Federation, on his education.The Soviet government, in turn, expressed readiness to establish diplomatic relations.In December of the same year by Russia was followed by three suggestions on diplomatic relations, but neither one of them is Poland is not agreed.
beginning of 1919, was marked by the execution of the mission of the Russian Red Cross, led to accusations by Russia.But the Polish side was only interested in their own borders, and Pilsudski main desire was to shift from the position of the main Russian power in Eastern Europe.According to him, her place was to occupy Poland.
Soviet-Polish war of 1920 began on 25 April, when the Poles without warning attacked the Soviet troops in the territory, covering the land from the city of Pripyat to the Dniester River.A little later, the Polish side has captured a part of the left bank of the Dnieper.Occupied part of Ukraine in the year gone through a terrible time.Poles plundered its territory, burning houses, killing civilians.
Soviet troops May 26, 1920 began a counter-offensive from the south-western front.
Soviet-Polish war of July 2, 1920 was marked by oncoming battle, the end of which was the victory of the Soviet troops.
Therefore, on July 1 in Warsaw - is the date of creation of the Defense Council, headed by Pilsudski.A few days later, the Council requested the assistance of the Entente, with a request to assist in the peace negotiations with Russia.So, last was passed a note demanding an end to the offensive on the city of Grodno to the Carpathians.As a result of long negotiations and deliberation, the Russian side decided to refuse, relying on the weakness of the enemy, which, in their opinion, should lead to its collapse.But Russia has expressed its willingness to hold peace talks with the Polish side, but without intermediaries.Britain, in turn, announced the termination of relations with the Russian Federation in case of continuation of the last occurrence.Soviet-Polish war continued military operations.
Polish side was well armed and ready for battle on the Vistula, as well as for the defense of the city of Lviv.Leaders of Poland has tightened measures to maintain military discipline.Since August 1920, the barrage detachments were introduced to stop the retreating parts.This fact could not go unnoticed.
Russian command of the Western Front are mulling a plan of attack on Warsaw.It should be noted that his troops somewhat inferior in number to the Poles.Soviet troops from the Vistula were few and tired.The battle began on Aug. 13, 1920.On the same day the Soviet Division captured the city of Radzymin, located near Warsaw.August 14 attack came the Polish army, broke into the headquarters of the Fourth Soviet Army.Swift retreat led to the loss of communication with the rest of the troops and the headquarters of the front.As a consequence, the right flank was left without control.
Polish-Soviet War, a turning point which occurred September 21, 1920, when Poland and Russia have started negotiations resulted in the signing of the Armistice Agreement.It entered into force on 18 October 1920.The talks led to the signing of the Riga Peace Treaty of March 18, 1921.
Soviet-Polish war of 1920 brought the Polish side of the territory of Western Belarus and Western Ukraine.
