the end of the 1540s when the young ruler Ivan IV was formed a circle of figures, he trusted business in the state.Later, the new government named Andrei Kurbsky "Selected Rada."The most famous of its members were Adashev Alexei Fedorovich, confessor Sylvester Viskovatov Ivan Mikhailovich - head of the Ambassadors of the order, and a few other noble princes.
reforms Chosen glad
first steps towards reforms were meeting nobility and governor.In 1549 it took place the February meeting, which became the first Zemsky Sobor.The main political strategies chosen happy is the centralization of the Russian state on the Western model of civilization.Change of strategy required of complex reforms.Reforms have chosen happy antiboyarskuyu orientation.It was based on the landlords, the nobility, townspeople, and, therefore, expressed their interests exclusively.
Selected glad reforms which occurred in 1549-1560 gg., Implemented the reforms in all spheres of society.The changes affected the administrative, ecclesiastical, legal, financial, tax and other systems.
reforms Chosen welcome in the legal and administrative systems
By decision of the "Cathedral of reconciliation" in 1549 to prepare a new set of laws.Revised Code of Law was established in 1550.The relationship between the feudal lords and the peasants have not changed to keep the old rules and laws.At the same time somewhat limited power kormlenschikov field has accelerated the process of formation of orders.Orders - this is the first functional controls, in charge of the individual areas of public affairs (otherwise they were called chambers, courts, etc.).The most prominent were the petitions, Streletsky, Ambassadorial and other orders.
At the same time centralize local government.Namestnichi management were replaced by an elected administration.These and other innovations strengthens the position of the nobility in society, combined provincial nobility in the city of servicemen.
Reform of the army in the mid 50s of the XVI century made "The Code of Service".It was established strict order of service.All landowners, regardless of the size of their holdings, grew by people servicemen.Government Alexei Adasheva organized strelets army and formed a detachment of archers to guard the king.As a result of military reforms of tens of thousands of soldiers appeared arms, equipment and food.
church reform chosen happy
In 1551 he was accepted Stoglav, which was published a hundred Heads of articles on the responses of Ivan the Terrible on the structure of the church.Stoglav strengthen the general discipline of the church, regulated life.The king intended to confiscate church lands, but the Selected Rada these intentions were not approved.The Church strongly sought to strengthen his authority, has been steadily falling in the eyes of the people.
Chosen reforms in the financial system are glad
No administrative reform could not be carried out without adjustment of the tax system.In 1550, a census of the entire population.Homestead tax was replaced by the Land.In the central area introduced tax unit called "big plow", its value is varied depending on the position of landowners.Paying taxes the population is becoming more centralized."Kormlenchesky income" has been replaced by a nationwide "kormlenchesky mercy."
the whole reform chosen happy when Ivan the Terrible were mixed.They were a compromise.Reforms have strengthened the government and the advancement of the nobility.Their implementation has been interrupted due to the resignation of the Selected glad in 1560
