majoritarian system - this is one of the variants of the device of the electoral system, in which the selected candidates are considered to have received the most votes in the constituency in which they stood for election (nominated).The majority can be qualified, absolute or relative.In accordance with the majority system in their framework identifies three varieties.Thus, qualified, absolute or relative type is determined depending on what is required: the applicant has (or more) or more than the other (or more) the candidate, or at least one vote more than half of voters, or a certain percentage of the vote (as a rule, more or less substantially greater than half the voters).
Undoubtedly majority electoral system has several advantages.As a rule, it is supported by a relatively large political entities, major blocks of parties, other associations (political), which failed to agree on a joint nomination of a single list.
It should be noted that the majoritarian elections are of great dignity.During the voter knows himself, for whom he gives voice.
Practice shows that majority electoral system is capable of providing the most successful formation of a parliament in which there is a solid majority (one-party, as a rule) and minority, consisting of various political factions.This structure is more conducive to the formation of a sustainable, stable government.
majoritarian system is widely distributed in the world.It is present in Russia, the USA, Australia, France, Great Britain and several dozen other countries.
Despite a clear advantage, said electoral system greatly reduces the possibility of a political minority on the parliamentary level.This is not only small, but also medium-sized batches.As practice shows, some of them are very often left without representation in parliament, however, at the same time, collectively they might lead a very significant part of the population.
To majoritarian electoral system the country's territory is divided into units.From each selected, as a rule, one (and sometimes two or more) MP.Candidates can be nominated in a personal capacity, however, permitted the designation party or movement to which they are attached.
MPs after winning the elections, one must maintain the interaction with voters.Thus, they can provide themselves with their support in the next election campaign.
The disadvantages of the majority system should also include the fact that votes cast for losing candidates, disappear.
Elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation since 1993 are a mixed proportional-majority system.
established that half (225) of all the deputies of the Duma nominated in single-mandate constituencies (one seat per district).To win, it should be to score more than the other candidates, the number of votes.Thus, a system of majority elections of relative majority.
In 1993, members of the Federation Council put forward two from each entity.In this case, the majority system was also used, but with a binomial District.
The representative bodies deputies were given the opportunity to nominate a mixed type.In all regions of Russia elections are carried out in the districts, and in some regions they were formed two: on the number of voters (conventional) and the administrative-territorial (city and district).
