Speech called historically the form of communication between people using the language constructs, formed according to certain rules.The notion of speech activity characterizes the process, consisting of inter-related activities, involving, on the one hand, education and formulation of ideas using linguistic resources, and the perception and understanding of language structures on the other side.
the study of social communications there are different definitions are often used interchangeably with each other.For example, the concept of "speech activity and its species", "communication", "communication" are often synonymous.In particular, it concerns the last two terms.
should be noted that in linguistics "speech activity" is one aspect - was isolated along with the language system and speech organization.Some authors term the communicative process is seen as a material comprising a complex of individual acts of understanding and speaking.
Speech activity has the following main types: reading, listening (hearing), speaking, writing.Such an understanding is included in the methodology of teaching language (foreign in particular).
Kinds of speech activity.Speaking.
This term describes any sounding speech.The historically speaking the language is the primary form that emerged long before the letter.Materially speaking - sound waves.Spoken is the result of certain organs (voice box).Intonation is a set of voice utterance, the tempo (or slow growing), duration, loudness (intensity) melody.Of great importance in the speech given the absence or presence of pauses, the degree of clarity in pronunciation, the ability to correctly place the logical accent.Speaking, having a variety of intonation, can convey the fullness of experiences, emotions and moods.
Kinds of speech activity.Letter.
This kind of language is human activity is a supporting system of signs applied for fixation of speaking (speech sound).However, it may be called an independent structure.In addition to fixing the function of speech (oral), writing system allows you to absorb the accumulated knowledge, expanding the scope of communication.
main purpose of the letter is to fix the spoken with the aim of saving it.This kind of speech activity is used in communication between people who are separated by time, distance.It should be noted that the role of writing is significantly decreased due to the appearance of the phone.
Kinds of speech activity.Listening (listening).
Listening - a process involving both directly and indirectly (through record, radio, etc.) and the speaker hearer interaction.
In the first case (direct contact) interlocutors have the opportunity to use not only linguistic forms (verbal communication), but also a means of nonverbal communication (facial expressions, body movements, gestures), which contribute to more efficient perception and understanding.
Kinds of speech activity.Reading.
In accordance with a simple definition of reading is characterized as a process of extracting information from printed or handwritten text.
This particular form of linguistic communication of people is one of the types of mediated communication.This reading is not perceived as a one-sided effect on the reader.It is not expressed in the passive perception, learning content.Reading involves active interaction between the recipient (reader) and communicator (author of the text).
