Charter of the Russian Empire - a bill developed in the years 1818-19 by the government of Alexander I.
This document envisaged the creation in Russia of the State of the Seimas (Parliament), consisting of Ambassadors huts and the Senate.
In addition, Charter of the Russian Empire meant the creation of a bicameral system of management in the field.
According to the document, the king conferring a right to veto and the right of legislative initiative.A State Diet had to approve laws and budgets.It was assumed that the members of parliament will be elected by assemblies of the nobility and urban communities.
Appropriation of the project called Novosiltsev by author.Many historians consider it a major part of the reforms of Alexander I.
prerequisite to the creation of the bill can be considered as the Russian crisis of governance at all levels, which became evident in the early 19th century.Mechanisms for a long time protects the public peace, suddenly become obsolete and require urgent replacement.This situation is due to a number of reasons.First, in Europe while there were violent conversion.The revolution in France, the wars of Napoleon could not affect the development of statehood in Russia.In addition, the internal processes that are typical for the country's public life, determine the vector of its development for a long time, they came into conflict with the new demands made by the foreign policy situation.
Charter of the Russian Empire, not only absorbed all the experience of previous reforms.It has become a complete system, harmoniously combined in itself originally disparate ideas.
for modern researchers analyze this document makes it possible to understand what internal and external factors determined by the Russian state at the time.
Charter of the Russian Empire allows you to explore the social model that Alexander I did not have time to realize.
Despite the fact that the king came to the throne at a young age, he had the perception about the features of the internal development of the country.
On the basis of their political views, he created the idea of the "true monarchy", which was based on the postulate that power should belong to the monarch, but there are immutable laws, which has no power over even the royal will.Accordingly, we need institutions that will monitor compliance with these laws.
Danae idea of subordination of certain fundamental principles of the law was characteristic of European thought at the end of the 18th century.
but on Russian soil, it turned a strengthening of autocratic power.
State Charter of the Russian Empire was intended to embody the view of Alexander on the fundamentals of public life.
With the help of this document was an attempt to solve some problems that have arisen after the reign of Catherine the Great.
So, there is a need to reform the state apparatus, which was extremely imperfect due to imbalance in the whole system of governance.Russia at that time was different geographical and social heterogeneity.The state is not a single entity.In some areas dominated by tribal relations, while in other developing capitalism.
And that, and another was supposed to solve the problem using the new Code, which was based on the strength of the law.
So Charter of the Russian Empire was a top reformist actions of the government of Alexander I. It is an example of rather controversial instrument to, on the one hand, to strengthen the power of the monarch, on the other hand represents the first attempt to establish "Russian constitutionalism."For the time Diploma become really advanced document unparalleled in history.
