forever in the history of Russia, Alexander II will remain as the liberator of the serfs.The reforms of Alexander II always been democracy and gradually.Do not forget that the gradual reform - the secret of the reign of the monarch literate.And second, Alexander learned the secret to the fullest.
Alexander II since his youth occupied peasant reform.However, to start it, he could just after take the throne.What were the reasons for such an ardent desire to liberate the serfs of the monarch?
1) Alexander the second, as a wise and competent ruler understood that serfdom retards the state.From the use of any element of the European slave-holding world has declined.Russia also continued to hesitate, for fear of the reaction to carry out reforms.According to Alexander II, peasant reform was to eliminate the root causes of all the backlog of Russia from world powers.
2) Alexander was deeply convinced that the existence of serfdom in the country is bad for the defense capacity of Russia.Serfdom led to a downgrade of Russia among the European powers.Moreover, many European monarchs considered it beneath his dignity to conduct business with Russia.Just like in the times of Ancient Russia when Vladimir was unable to win the hand of the princess of Constantinople, only because he was a Gentile.
3) Do not forget that the new monarch was brought up in the spirit of enlightenment and democracy.Creative intelligentsia has long advocated for the abolition of serfdom.Master Alexander II in his youth he was Vasily Zhukovsky, who was the leader of the creative intelligentsia of XIX century.It is considered to be a teacher of Pushkin Zhukovsky.According to Alexander II, peasant reform should have a positive impact on the spiritual component of the Russian society.
Home for reform began in 1857, when the monarch created a secret committee.Secret Commission should develop a plan under which the abolition of serfdom was to be more smooth and inconspicuous.
major concern for the interests of the monarch represented the opposition of serfs and nobility.Nobles sincerely believed that abolition of serfdom country nowhere.They did not want to part with their land and with his peasants.
The city, on the contrary, believed that the peasant reform should fully recover their freedom, besides also bring and the land on which it would be possible to run the economy.Land and that, and another was impossible.
February 19, 1861 was a significant event for the whole of Russia - serfdom was abolished.Across the country, a decree was read in the churches of Alexander II.According to this decree all the serfs received freedom and independence from their former landlords.Each farmer received the personal use of the land.However, this land is still considered a possession of a landowner.The peasants had to buy their land from the landowner, seeking independence possessions.
Thus, the abolition of serfdom in 1861 forever changed Russia.However, neither the landowners nor peasants are not satisfied.The landlords thought that robbed them, taking legal ground.The peasants were convinced that the former serfdom was replaced by a new one, which was called castings.As a result, Alexander II condemned in virtually all sectors of society.After 20 years, Alexander will lose credibility among the masses.In 1881, he would be killed the conspirators among the folk circles, who received a special distribution in Russia in the late 19th century.
Despite everything, Alexander II came to the history of Russia as a great leader, inimitable reformer, visionary politician.It is thanks to the active reform efforts of Russia Alexander II has a modern look.
