From the first days of government domestic and foreign policy of Alexander 3 was aimed at the revision of the main initiatives of Alexander 2. And the main driver of this policy was the DA Tolstoy, once the liberal bureaucracy, and now - the newly made Minister of the Interior.Its activities, the name "counter-reforms" were intended to strengthen the power of the king, and to maintain the privileges of the nobility.But while these changes and supported Alexander 3, internal policies it was still represented not only by them.The emperor was involved in all matters relating to his empire.3 Alexander knew the history of Russia, loved it, believed in connection with the ordinary people of his monarch.At the same time, he would not hear about the Constitution and the oath "some cattle" (people).
domestic policy of Alexander 3 as a true "peasant king" was aimed at improving the situation in the village.Through the event, he sought to improve the economic conditions of the peasants.A year after the ascent to the throne, he established the Peasant Land Bank, which issued loans and peasant associations and independent farmers to purchase land.The bank also engaged in the regulation of transition of some peasants of the landed estates.In 1886 and abolished the poll tax, which is set by Peter 1.
also domestic policy Alexandra 3 showed in carrying out this, perhaps, the most important measures as the establishment of the Institute Zemsky Chiefs in 1889.Of the hereditary nobility, choose suitable for specific educational and property criterion district District Commander.He was supposed to oversee the activities of the rural establishments, as well as township.His power was to change the decision that took the village assembly, a whip to punish the peasants, fine, arrest.And the sheriff of the decree was not subject to appeal.That is, the police recovered power over a peasant who canceled the previous ruler in 1861.
domestic policy of Alexander 3 was actually directed in favor of the nobility.And it reiterated the following reforms in 1890 (rural).According to her urban curia is now getting half the voters, limits the number of farmers having the right to participate in elections, thus ensured the predominance of the nobility Zemsky institutions.
In 1892 counter-reform carried out in the city.From now on, urban poor can not participate in local government.Significantly increased and the property criterion.As a result, even in big cities like St. Petersburg and Moscow, participated in the election of only about 1% of the population.Such reform was part of a sharp conflict with the booming urbanization.
domestic policy of Alexander 3 in the direction of judicial reform was limited to the elimination of tenure of judges and investigators, the narrowing of the range of cases that treat jurors.However, the full judicial statutes in 1864 and has not changed.
reforms of the new government were made and public education.University autonomy was abolished by the fact of the adoption of a new university statute.Now the students had to wear uniforms.Significantly increase tuition fees.With the approval of I. D. Dilyanova, Minister of Education, were closed, many women's courses.A children's footmen, coachmen, laundresses and other small people generally forbidden to take to study in high school.
But the reforms as a whole have not changed the political and social picture of the empire.It happened for the simple reason that in trying to break the social structure prevailing at Alexander 2 new reformers acted inconsistent and contradictory in relation to the course of economic development.As a result, it created a false impression of the inviolability of the monarchy.
